使用IntelliJ IDEA 配置Maven，创建Maven项目

青旅半醒 2022-02-21 01:21 403阅读 0赞

## 为什么要使用Maven? ##

**答：自动关联和自动下载依赖的jar包。我们要使用一些被人打好的jar包时，往往导入的不只是一个jar包，因为有些jar包的运行是依赖于其他的jar包的，我们可能存在疑问，究竟需要导入哪些包，依赖包导入版本过低也无法启动。使用Maven，不用自己再手动下载jar包处理依赖关系，因为这个工具会自动帮你下载缺失的jar包，处理jar包的依赖关系。**

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未安装JDK请点击下面链接，安装过程仅供参考，已安装请忽略。

# [JAVA开发环境配置，安装JDK][JAVA_JDK] #

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# **1. 下载Maven** #

## 官方地址：[http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi][http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi] ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# 2. 配置Maven #

## 2.1 解压，创建本地仓库 ##

### 在硬盘任意位置创建一个文件夹作为本地仓库，我的路径在：E:\\maven-repository ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][] ###

## 2.2 配置本地仓库，配置远程仓库 ##

### 配置远程仓库，本地仓库缺少资源文件时，会从远程仓库自动下载对应文件到本地仓库 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

<mirror>
      <id>huaweicloud</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <url>https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/maven/</url>
    </mirror>

## 2.3 配置系统环境变量（非必要配置，可选，不配置也能使用） ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

MAVEN_HOME
    D:\Program Files\apache\apache-maven-3.6.0

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

Path 开头添加
    %MAVEN_HOME%/bin;

### win+r 运行cmd，输入：mvn -version ###

### 看到类似下图的界面，说明环境变量配置成功。 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

# 3. IDEA配置Maven #

## 3.1 打开IDEA，进入：File | Settings | Build, Execution, Deployment | Build Tools | Maven 的设置 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

## 选择自己的maven版本 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

![20190410115638232.png][]

## 3.2 使用IDEA自带的Maven版本 ##

### 方式一：不做任何修改直接使用，由于远程仓库的默认配置路径是国外的服务器，下载较慢 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

### 方式二：自定义配置文件，修改默认配置文件，或者指定自己配置的配置文件 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

![2019041012380936.png][]

## 配置说明： ##

![20190410124213849.png][]

# 4. 创建Maven项目 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

## Maven 项目默认结构： ##

first ---------------项目目录
     ├ .idea ------------IDEA自动生成的，项目的相关配置
     ├ src --------------存放项目的代码和资源文件，这个文件夹里的文件会被打包
     │  ├ main ----------编译之后 classes
     │  │  ├ java -------java 代码文件夹，编译之后该文件夹下的包被放入到 classes
     │  │  └ resources --资源文件文件夹，编译之后该文件夹下的包被放入到 classes
     │  └ test ----------存放测试代码，这个文件夹里的文件不会被打包
     │     └java
     ├ first.iml
     └ pom.xml ----------Maven 项目的配置和包依赖关系

## Maven pom文件： ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        
        
        
        <groupId>com.design.demo</groupId>
        <artifactId>first</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>war</packaging>
    
        
        <dependencies>
            
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
                <version>5.2.0</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        
        <build>
            
            <plugins>
    
                
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.7.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.8</source>
                        <target>1.8</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

## 创建测试文件： ##

### 点击绿三角可直接运行Test方法 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzM2MzA1NTMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

## DemoTest.java ##

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    
    /**
     * @author admin
     * @since 2019-04-10 13:17
     */
    public class DemoTest {
    
        @Test
        void methodTest() {
            System.out.println("hello maven project");
        }
    }

##  ##

[JAVA_JDK]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36305530/article/details/81191058
[http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
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[20190410115638232.png]: /images/20220221/3354a39414c044c1b00862491c707077.png
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