基于Nacos实现Spring Cloud Gateway实现动态路由

布满荆棘的人生 2022-02-19 01:41 236阅读 0赞

# 简介 #

该文档主要介绍以Nacos为配置中心，实现Spring Cloud GateWay 实现动态路由的功能。Spring Cloud Gateway启动时候，就将路由配置和规则加载到内存里，无法做到不重启网关就可以动态的对应路由的配置和规则进行增加，修改和删除。通过nacos的配置下发的功能可以实现在不重启网关的情况下，实现动态路由。

# 集成 #

## Spring Cloud GateWay集成 ##

spring-cloud-starter-gateway:路由转发、请求过滤（权限校验、限流以及监控等）

spring-boot-starter-webflux:反应式Web框架

spring-boot-starter-actuator:监控系统健康

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    		</dependency>

## Nacos集成 ##

nacos-client:nacos客户端，现在用比较新的版本0.9.0

<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
    			<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
    			<version>0.9.0</version>
    		</dependency>

## 动态路由 ##

DynamicRouteServiceImpl:提供动态路由的基础方法，可通过获取bean操作该类的方法。该类提供新增路由、更新路由、删除路由，然后实现发布的功能。

@Service
    public class DynamicRouteServiceImpl implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {
    
        @Autowired
        private RouteDefinitionWriter routeDefinitionWriter;
    
        private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;
    
    
        /**
         * 增加路由
         * @param definition
         * @return
         */
        public String add(RouteDefinition definition) {
            routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe();
            this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
            return "success";
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 更新路由
         * @param definition
         * @return
         */
        public String update(RouteDefinition definition) {
            try {
                this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(definition.getId()));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return "update fail,not find route  routeId: "+definition.getId();
            }
            try {
                routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe();
                this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
                return "success";
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return "update route  fail";
            }
    
    
        }
        /**
         * 删除路由
         * @param id
         * @return
         */
        public String delete(String id) {
            try {
                this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(id));
                return "delete success";
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "delete fail";
            }
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
            this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher;
        }
    
    }

RouteDefinition： 提供路由实体类，主要有predicates匹配来自用户的请求，filters服务路由

@Validated
    public class RouteDefinition {
    	@NotEmpty
    	private String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    
    	@NotEmpty
    	@Valid
    	private List<PredicateDefinition> predicates = new ArrayList<>();
    
    	@Valid
    	private List<FilterDefinition> filters = new ArrayList<>();
    
    	@NotNull
    	private URI uri;
    
    	private int order = 0;
    
    	public RouteDefinition() {}
    
    	public RouteDefinition(String text) {
    		int eqIdx = text.indexOf("=");
    		if (eqIdx <= 0) {
    			throw new ValidationException("Unable to parse RouteDefinition text '" + text + "'" +
    					", must be of the form name=value");
    		}
    
    		setId(text.substring(0, eqIdx));
    
    		String[] args = tokenizeToStringArray(text.substring(eqIdx+1), ",");
    
    		setUri(URI.create(args[0]));
    
    		for (int i=1; i < args.length; i++) {
    			this.predicates.add(new PredicateDefinition(args[i]));
    		}
    	}
    
    	public String getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(String id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public List<PredicateDefinition> getPredicates() {
    		return predicates;
    	}
    
    	public void setPredicates(List<PredicateDefinition> predicates) {
    		this.predicates = predicates;
    	}
    
    	public List<FilterDefinition> getFilters() {
    		return filters;
    	}
    
    	public void setFilters(List<FilterDefinition> filters) {
    		this.filters = filters;
    	}
    
    	public URI getUri() {
    		return uri;
    	}
    
    	public void setUri(URI uri) {
    		this.uri = uri;
    	}
    
    	public int getOrder() {
    		return order;
    	}
    
    	public void setOrder(int order) {
    		this.order = order;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public boolean equals(Object o) {
    		if (this == o) return true;
    		if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
    		RouteDefinition routeDefinition = (RouteDefinition) o;
    		return Objects.equals(id, routeDefinition.id) &&
    				Objects.equals(predicates, routeDefinition.predicates) &&
    				Objects.equals(order, routeDefinition.order) &&
    				Objects.equals(uri, routeDefinition.uri);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public int hashCode() {
    		return Objects.hash(id, predicates, uri);
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "RouteDefinition{" +
    				"id='" + id + '\'' +
    				", predicates=" + predicates +
    				", filters=" + filters +
    				", uri=" + uri +
    				", order=" + order +
    				'}';
    	}
    }

NacosGatewayProperties:自定义属性绑定值，可通过配置文件配置属性。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="nacos", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
    @Configuration
    public class NacosGatewayProperties {
    
    	private String address;
    	
    	private String dataId;
    	
    	private String groupId;
    	
    	private Long timeout;
    
    	public String getAddress() {
    		return address;
    	}
    
    	public void setAddress(String address) {
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    	public String getDataId() {
    		return dataId;
    	}
    
    	public void setDataId(String dataId) {
    		this.dataId = dataId;
    	}
    
    	public String getGroupId() {
    		return groupId;
    	}
    
    	public void setGroupId(String groupId) {
    		this.groupId = groupId;
    	}
    
    	public Long getTimeout() {
    		return timeout;
    	}
    
    	public void setTimeout(Long timeout) {
    		this.timeout = timeout;
    	}	
    }

DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos： 实现runner，通过nacos下发动态路由配置

@Component
    public class DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos implements CommandLineRunner{
    
    	@Autowired
        private DynamicRouteServiceImpl dynamicRouteService;
    
    	@Autowired
        private NacosGatewayProperties nacosGatewayProperties;
    
        /**
         * 监听Nacos Server下发的动态路由配置
         * @param dataId
         * @param group
         */
        public void dynamicRouteByNacosListener (){
            try {
                ConfigService configService=NacosFactory.createConfigService(nacosGatewayProperties.getAddress());
                String content = configService.getConfig(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getTimeout());
                System.out.println(content);
                configService.addListener(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), new Listener()  {
                    @Override
                    public void receiveConfigInfo(String configInfo) {
                    	List<RouteDefinition> list = JsonUtils.toList(configInfo, RouteDefinition.class);
                    	list.forEach(definition->{
                    		dynamicRouteService.update(definition);
                    	});
                    }
                    @Override
                    public Executor getExecutor() {
                        return null;
                    }
                });
            } catch (NacosException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
    	@Override
    	public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
            dynamicRouteByNacosListener();
    		
    	}
        
    }

# nacos配置下发 #

## nacos配置 ##

nacos:
      address: 127.0.0.1:8848
      data-id: dhap-gateway #
      group-id: AAA
      timeout: 5000

## nacos属性文件定义 ##

新建dataID为  
groupID为AAA  
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[
    	{
    	"filters": [],
    	"id": "blog1",
    	"order": 0,
    	"predicates": [{
    		"args": {
    			"pattern": "/z"
    		},
    		"name": "Path"
    	}],
    	"uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"
    },
     {
    	"filters": [],
    	"id": "blog1",
    	"order": 0,
    	"predicates": [{
    		"args": {
    			"pattern": "/c"
    		},
    		"name": "Path"
    	}],
    	"uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"
    }
    ]

## 查看路由信息 ##

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