Java设计模式总结

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-02-17 06:19 183阅读 0赞

# 什么是设计模式 #

设计模式（Design pattern）是一套被反复使用、多数人知晓的、经过分类编目的、代码设计经验的总结。通过对这些设计模式的合理使用能够是我们的系统更加的健壮。

# 六大设计原则 #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>设计原则</th> 
   <th align="left">简单说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>单一职责</td> 
   <td align="left">一个类只负责一项职责</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>里氏替换原则</td> 
   <td align="left">子类可以扩展父类的功能，但不能改变父类原有的功能</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>依赖倒置原则</td> 
   <td align="left">要依赖于抽象，不要依赖于具体，核心思想是面向接口编程</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>接口隔离原则</td> 
   <td align="left">建立单一接口，不要建立庞大臃肿的接口，<br>尽量细化接口，接口中的方法尽量少</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>迪米特法则<br>（最少知道原则）</td> 
   <td align="left">一个对象应该对其他对象保持最少的了解</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>开闭原则</td> 
   <td align="left">对扩展开放，对修改关闭</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 设计模式的分类 #

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>类别</th> 
   <th align="left">说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>创建型模式</td> 
   <td align="left">对象实例化的模式，创建型模式用于解耦对象的实例化过程。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>结构型模式</td> 
   <td align="left">把类或对象结合在一起形成一个更大的结构。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>行为型模式</td> 
   <td align="left">类和对象如何交互，及划分责任和算法。</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 设计模式的具体实现 #

## 1.创建型模式 ##

都是用来帮助我们创建对象的！

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>模式</th> 
   <th align="left">地址</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>单例模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87740745" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87740745</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>简单工厂</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>工厂方法</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>抽象工厂</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87896766</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>建造者模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87909002" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87909002</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>原型模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87633257" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87633257</a></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 2.结构型模式 ##

关注对象和类的组织

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>模式</th> 
   <th align="left">地址</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>代理模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/86484887" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/86484887</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>适配模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87949811" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87949811</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>桥接模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87951434" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87951434</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>组合模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88567000" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88567000</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>装饰模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88214447" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88214447</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>外观模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88569991" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88569991</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>享元模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88586998" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88586998</a></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 3.行为型模式 ##

关注系统中对象之间的相互交换，研究系统在运行时对象之间的相互通信和协作，进一步明确对象的职责，共有11中模式

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>模式</th> 
   <th align="left">地址</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>责任链模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077040" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077040</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>命令模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89115420" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89115420</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>解释器模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367802" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367802</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>迭代器模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077229" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077229</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>中介者模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077718" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89077718</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>备忘录模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367699" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367699</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>观察者模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87483479" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/87483479</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>状态模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89345271" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89345271</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>策略模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88222305" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88222305</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>模板方法</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88210977" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88210977</a></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>访问者模式</td> 
   <td align="left"><a href="https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367828" rel="nofollow">https://dpb-bobokaoya-sm.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89367828</a></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>