Create A Form

怼烎@ 2022-02-03 08:27 221阅读 0赞

# Create A Form #

For our guestbook to be useful, we need a form for submitting new entries.

Our first order of business is to create the actual form class. To create the empty form class, execute:

1.  % zf create form Guestbook
2.  Creating a form at application/forms/Guestbook.php
3.  Updating project profile '.zfproject.xml'

This will create the directory application/forms/ with the classfile Guestbook.php. Open that file and update it so it reads as follows:

1.  *// application/forms/Guestbook.php*
2.  
3.  **class** Application\_Form\_Guestbook **extends** Zend\_Form
4.  \{ 
5.  **public** **function** init ( )
6.  \{ 
7.  *// Set the method for the display form to POST*
8.  $this\-> setMethod ( 'post' );
9.  
10. *// Add an email element*
11. $this\-> addElement ( 'text', 'email', [array][] (
12. 'label' => 'Your email address:',
13. 'required' => **true**,
14. 'filters' => [array][] ( 'StringTrim' ),
15. 'validators' => [array][] (
16. 'EmailAddress',
17. )
18. ) );
19. 
20. *// Add the comment element*
21. $this\-> addElement ( 'textarea', 'comment', [array][] (
22. 'label' => 'Please Comment:',
23. 'required' => **true**,
24. 'validators' => [array][] (
25. [array][] ( 'validator' => 'StringLength', 'options' => [array][] ( 0, 20 ) )
26. )
27. ) );
28. 
29. *// Add a captcha*
30. $this\-> addElement ( 'captcha', 'captcha', [array][] (
31. 'label' => 'Please enter the 5 letters displayed below:',
32. 'required' => **true**,
33. 'captcha' => [array][] (
34. 'captcha' => 'Figlet',
35. 'wordLen' => 5,
36. 'timeout' => 300
37. )
38. ) );
39. 
40. *// Add the submit button*
41. $this\-> addElement ( 'submit', 'submit', [array][] (
42. 'ignore' => **true**,
43. 'label' => 'Sign Guestbook',
44. ) );
45. 
46. *// And finally add some CSRF protection*
47. $this\-> addElement ( 'hash', 'csrf', [array][] (
48. 'ignore' => **true**,
49. ) );
50. \}
51. \}

The above form defines five elements: an email address field, a comment field, a CAPTCHA for preventing spam submissions, a submit button, and a CSRF protection token.

Next, we will add a signAction() to our GuestbookController which will process the form upon submission. To create the action and related view script, execute the following:

1.  % zf create action sign Guestbook
2.  Creating an action named sign inside controller
3.  at application/controllers/GuestbookController.php
4.  Updating project profile '.zfproject.xml'
5.  Creating a view script for the sign action method
6.  at application/views/scripts/guestbook/sign.phtml
7.  Updating project profile '.zfproject.xml'

As you can see from the output, this will create a signAction() method in our controller, as well as the appropriate view script.

Let's add some logic into our guestbook controller's sign action. We need to first check if we're getting a POST or a GET request; in the latter case, we'll simply display the form. However, if we get a POST request, we'll want to validate the posted data against our form, and, if valid, create a new entry and save it. The logic might look like this:

1.  *// application/controllers/GuestbookController.php*
2.  
3.  **class** GuestbookController **extends** Zend\_Controller\_Action
4.  \{ 
5.  *// snipping indexAction()...*
6.  
7.  **public** **function** signAction ( )
8.  \{ 
9.  $request = $this\-> getRequest ( );
10. $form = **new** Application\_Form\_Guestbook ( );
11. 
12. if ( $this\-> getRequest ( )\-> isPost ( ) ) \{ 
13. if ( $form\-> isValid ( $request\-> getPost ( ) ) ) \{ 
14. $comment = **new** Application\_Model\_Guestbook ( $form\-> getValues ( ) );
15. $mapper = **new** Application\_Model\_GuestbookMapper ( );
16. $mapper\-> save ( $comment );
17. return $this\->\_helper-> redirector ( 'index' );
18. \}
19. \}
20. 
21. $this\-> view\-> form = $form;
22. \}
23. \}

Of course, we also need to edit the view script; edit application/views/scripts/guestbook/sign.phtml to read:

1.  
2.  
3.  Please use the form below to sign our guestbook!
4.  
5.  **<?php**
6.  $this\-> form\-> setAction ( $this\-> url ( ) );
7.  [echo][] $this\-> form;

> **Note**: **Better Looking Forms**  
> No one will be waxing poetic about the beauty of this form anytime soon. No matter - form appearance is fully customizable! See the[decorators section in the reference guide][] for details.  
> Additionally, you may be interested in [our tutorial on form decorators][].  
>

> **Note**: **Checkpoint**  
> Now browse to "http://localhost/guestbook/sign". You should see the following in your browser:  
> 
> 
> ![learning.quickstart.create-form.png][]
> 
> # Congratulations! #
> 
> You have now built a very simple application using some of the most commonly used Zend Framework components. Zend Framework makes many components available to you which address most common requirements in web applications, including web services, search,PDF reading and writing, authentication, authorization, and much more. The [Reference Guide][] is a great place to find out more about the components you've used in this QuickStart as well as other components. We hope you find Zend Framework useful and - more importantly - fun!
> 
> [http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/en/learning.quickstart.create-form.html][http_framework.zend.com_manual_1.12_en_learning.quickstart.create-form.html]

[array]: http://www.php.net/array
[echo]: http://www.php.net/echo
[decorators section in the reference guide]: http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/en/zend.form.decorators.html
[our tutorial on form decorators]: http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/en/learning.form.decorators.intro.html
[learning.quickstart.create-form.png]: /images/20220203/3561fa1068de45049ecad2633d6beccf.png
[Reference Guide]: http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/en/reference.html
[http_framework.zend.com_manual_1.12_en_learning.quickstart.create-form.html]: http://framework.zend.com/manual/1.12/en/learning.quickstart.create-form.html