Linux(CentOS)中常用软件安装，使用及异常——XManager, 中文支持，JDK

亦凉 2022-01-30 10:41 56阅读 0赞

## **XManager图形化界面远程连接** ##

采用Xshell的方式可以不用在CentOS系统中配置即可以相连，主要原理就是SSH连接的方式，但是XManager图形化界面远程连接是需要修改CentOS系统的。

### **安装桌面** ###

有些CentOS系统没有安装图形化界面，那么在此之前需要安装图形化界面。  
测试有没有安装：

rpm -qa | grep gnome
    或者
    yum list installed | grep gnome

查看JDK桌面环境：

[root@hidden ~]# env|greo DESKTOP_SESSION=
    [root@hidden ~]# echo GDMSESSION

如果没有安装桌面，则先安装：

yum groupinstall "Desktop"
    yum groupinstall "X Window System"

遇到\[y/N\]全部选y即可。

### **修改/etc/gdm/custom.conf** ###

# vim /etc/gdm/custom.conf

# GDM configuration storage
    
    [daemon]
    RemoteGreeter=/usr/libexec/gdm-simple-greeter
    [security]
    AllowRemoteRoot=true
    [xdmcp]
    Port=177
    Enable=true
    DisplaysPerHost=5
    [greeter]
    
    [chooser]
    
    [debug]

### **修改/etc/inttab** ###

# inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel.
    #
    # ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
    #
    # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf
    #
    # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf
    #
    # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf
    #
    # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,
    # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.
    #
    # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how
    # upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).
    #
    # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:
    #   0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
    #   1 - Single user mode
    #   2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
    #   3 - Full multiuser mode
    #   4 - unused
    #   5 - X11
    #   6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
    # 
    id:5:initdefault:

如果原来是:

id:3:initdefault:

则把3改成5.  
(\# runlevel)

### **修改/etc/init/prefdm.conf** ###

vim /etc/init/prefdm.conf

# prefdm - preferred display manager
    #
    # Starts gdm/xdm/etc by preference
    #
    # Do not edit this file directly. If you want to change the behaviour,
    # please create a file prefdm.override and put your changes there.
    
    start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=5
    
    stop on starting rc RUNLEVEL=[!5]
    
    console output
    respawn
    respawn limit 10 120
    #exec /etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon
    exec /usr/sbin/gdm

将exec /etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon注释掉，然后添加exec /usr/sbin/gdm

### **命令行运行lsof -i 177** ###

[root@zhuzhonghua1-c6uu8 ~]# lsof -i:177
    COMMAND    PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
    gdm-binar 1664 root   11u  IPv4  11186      0t0  UDP *:xdmcp

这样则说明可以采用Xmanager进行连接。

### **采用Xstart打开** ###

配置会话（随便填个），主机（需要访问的主机ip地址），协议（选择SSH），用户名，密码。  
执行命令中填写：/usr/bin/gnome-session –display $DISPLAY  
这样就配置完成了，应该可以通过图形化界面远程对侧主机了。

## **添加中文支持** ##

运行

yum groupinstall "Chinese Support"

或者

yum groupinstall Chinese-Support

之后修改/etc/sysconfig/i18n

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
    SYSONT="lat0-sun16"

重启操作系统即可。

## **安装jdk** ##

查看是否有已安装的JDK

#rpm -qa|grep jdk

如果有东西，先删除：rpm -e –nodeps *\**  
如果没有，继续

tar -zxvf jdk****.tar.gz

然后修改/etc/profile

vim /etc/profile

在末尾添加

export JAVA_HOME=/root/util/jdk1.7.0_75
    export JRE_HOME=/root/util/jdk1.7.0_75/jre
    export PATH=$PATH:/root/util/jdk1.7.0_75/bin
    export CLASSPATH=./:/root/util/jdk1.7.0_75/lib:/root/util/jdk1.7.0_75/jre/lib

保存退出之后

source /etc/profile

立刻生效文件。