SSH框架注解版整合搭建图文教程

偏执的太偏执、 2022-01-23 10:11 320阅读 0赞

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SSH框架用起来还是可以的，但配置也蛮多，struts一堆配置，hibernate一堆配置，spring更不用说也是一堆配置，还好各个框架的设计团队都意识到了这个问题，都在朝着这方面而努力，在后续的版本中，都推出了注解配置，方便了很多。

之前的笔记中也有关于ssh框架的注解版，整理出来分享给大家，由于前面讲过了[ssh配置版][ssh]，描述的比较详细了，这一次就不再重复讲解了，只将我认为一些关键的地方贴出来着重说明一下。

除了spring的版本保持不变，另外两个框架都稍微提升了几个小版本：

**Struts版本：**2.3.24

**Spring版本：**4.1.5.RELEASE

**Hibernate版本：**4.3.10.Final

## struts.xml ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
            "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
            "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
    <struts>
    
        
        <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
        
        
        <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"/>
        
        <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators" value="controller"/>
    
    </struts>

后两个配置需要重点关注，由于使用注解了，那我们就不再需要手动声明bean来注入对象了，直接**交给spring来管理**就行，而没了配置文件，struts的@Namespace也需要使用注解来声明，在这里要**指定@Namespace注解所在的包名**，默认是action，如果你跟我一样习惯性写controller，千万记得在这里指定，我当时被坑了好久。

## applicationContext.xml ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd 
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd 
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">
    
        
        
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh"/>
    
        
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
            <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true"/>
            <property name="username" value="test"/>
            <property name="password" value="111111"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        
        
        
        <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
            
            <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ssh.entity"/>
            
            
            
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.autoReconnect">true</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
        </bean>
    
        
        
    
        
        
        <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
    </beans>

spring的这个配置文件中，关于hibernate的配置，与之前相比有了两个变化：**不用引入映射文件**、**需要扫描实体bean**，因为使用了注解模式，可以不需要那些映射文件了，直接在bean使用注解来取代xml。

## JavaBean注解： ##

package com.ssh.entity;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.FetchType;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
    import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
    import javax.persistence.Temporal;
    import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
    import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
    
    @Entity // 表明是一个实体bean
    @Table(name = "students") // 对应数据库的表名字
    public class Student {
    
        /**
         * ID
         */
        @Id
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)// 数据库自增，这句加不加无所谓
        //如果使用的是oracle数据库，需要使用自增序列，可以使用下面两行注解配置
        //@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "seq_student")
        //@SequenceGenerator(name = "seq_student", sequenceName = "ZZ_STUDENTS", allocationSize = 1)
        private int id;
    
        /**
         * 姓名
         */
        @Column(name = "student_name", nullable = false, length = 25)
        private String name;
    
        /**
         * 性别
         */
        @Column(name = "student_sex", nullable = false, length = 5)
        private String sex;
    
        /**
         * 年龄
         */
        @Column(name = "student_age", nullable = false, length = 5)
        private int age;
    
        /**
         * 生日
         */
        @Column(name = "student_birthday")
        @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
        @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
        private Date birthday;
    
        /**
         * 爱好
         */
        @Column(name = "student_hobby", nullable = false, length = 50)
        private String hobby;
    
        /**
         * 学校（schoolId关联）
         */
        // xml配置方式的一对一，就是参照这里的注解方式
        // 多方（主动方）加关联，并限定唯一从而达到一对一效果，一方（被动方）则不用加配置
        @JoinColumn(name = "school_id", unique = true)
        @ManyToOne(targetEntity = School.class, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
        // 上面两个注解的效果，等同于下面的配置
        // <many-to-one name="school" column="school_id" unique="true" lazy="false"/>
        private School school;
    
        public Student() {
    
        }
    
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public String getSex() {
            return sex;
        }
    
        public void setSex(String sex) {
            this.sex = sex;
        }
    
        public int getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(int age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public Date getBirthday() {
            return birthday;
        }
    
        public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
            this.birthday = birthday;
        }
    
        public String getHobby() {
            return hobby;
        }
    
        public void setHobby(String hobby) {
            this.hobby = hobby;
        }
    
        public School getSchool() {
            return school;
        }
    
        public void setSchool(School school) {
            this.school = school;
        }
    
    }

可以看到，很多在xml中的配置，都以注解的形式表现出来了，@Id、@Column、@ManyToOne等等，语义也都清晰，一眼看过去就知道是什么意思，代码中的注释写的比较全，这里不在多说。

## Controller控制器： ##

package com.ssh.controller;
    
    import com.ssh.entity.School;
    import com.ssh.service.SchoolService;
    import java.util.List;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    
    @Controller// spring托管
    @Scope("prototype")// 多例
    @Namespace("/schoolManage")// 对应配置文件中的每个action的name
    @ParentPackage("struts-default")// 对应配置文件中的：<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
    public class SchoolController extends BaseController {
        /**
         *
         */
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
        // 由于bean配置了spring托管，所以这里可以直接使用注解注入
        @Autowired
        private SchoolService schoolService;
    
        /**
         * list列表
         */
        private List<School> list;
        /**
         * 实体bean
         */
        private School school;
    
        @Action(value = "school_list", results = {@Result(name = "list", location = "/school_list.jsp")})
        public String list() {
            list = schoolService.list(searchText);
            return "list";
        }
    
        @Action(value = "school_toAdd", results = {@Result(name = "add", location = "/school_maintain.jsp")})
        public String toAdd() {
            type = "add";
            return "add";
        }
    
        @Action(value = "school_add", results = {@Result(name = "refresh", type = "redirect", location = "/schoolManage/school_list.action")})
        public String add() {
            schoolService.add(school);
            return "refresh";
        }
    
        @Action(value = "school_toUpdate", results = {@Result(name = "update", location = "/school_maintain.jsp")})
        public String toUpdate() {
            type = "update";
            school = schoolService.getById(id);
            return "update";
        }
    
        @Action(value = "school_update", results = {@Result(name = "refresh", type = "redirect", location = "/schoolManage/school_list.action")})
        public String update() {
            schoolService.update(school);
            return "refresh";
        }
    
        @Action(value = "school_delete", results = {@Result(name = "refresh", type = "redirect", location = "/schoolManage/school_list.action")})
        public String delete() {
            schoolService.delete(id);
            return "refresh";
        }
    
        // 感觉这也是struts非常不爽的地方
        // 前台需要用到的变量总是需要set、get一下才行，springMVC中就不需要
        public List<School> getList() {
            return list;
        }
    
        public void setList(List<School> list) {
            this.list = list;
        }
    
        public School getSchool() {
            return school;
        }
    
        public void setSchool(School school) {
            this.school = school;
        }
    
    }

在控制器头部加了一堆的注解，有指定spring托管的，有配置作用域的，有配置namespace的，大家直接看我上面写的注释就行。

基本上需要注意的一些点都列出来了，还是比较简单的，再给大家来一张工程目录结构图：

![SSH框架注解版搭建图文教程][SSH]

[https_www.jiweichengzhu.com_article_68df4c127c2a491bb6f7056e970318d5]: https://www.jiweichengzhu.com/article/68df4c127c2a491bb6f7056e970318d5
[686430774]: https://shang.qq.com/wpa/qunwpa?idkey=92e76c63cc00719d7ceda18ed009d162c3e52a842f3feebe614c6a8329cdccc9
[ssh]: http://www.jiweichengzhu.com/article/d063714d7af04f699cd6779b498ae96d
[SSH]: /images/20220123/ecb849a56fe44d70bb6bdf535207496c.png