java生成图形验证码（两种图形）

刺骨的言语ヽ痛彻心扉 2022-01-15 03:51 268阅读 0赞

# 方式一：效果图 #

![20190819172007916.png][]

package com.security.sercritydemo.untils;
    
    import java.awt.Color;
    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.Graphics2D;
    import java.awt.RenderingHints;
    import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    
    
    public class VerifyCodeUtils {
    
        //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
        public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
        private static Random random = new Random();
    
    
        /**
         * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
         *
         * @param verifySize 验证码长度
         * @return
         */
        public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
            return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
        }
    
        /**
         * 使用指定源生成验证码
         *
         * @param verifySize 验证码长度
         * @param sources    验证码字符源
         * @return
         */
        public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
            if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
                sources = VERIFY_CODES;
            }
            int codesLen = sources.length();
            Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
            StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
            for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
                verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
            }
            return verifyCode.toString();
        }
    
        /**
         * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
         *
         * @param w
         * @param h
         * @param outputFile
         * @param verifySize
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
            String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
            outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
            return verifyCode;
        }
    
        /**
         * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
         *
         * @param w
         * @param h
         * @param os
         * @param verifySize
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
            String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
            outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
            return verifyCode;
        }
    
        /**
         * 生成指定验证码图像文件
         *
         * @param w
         * @param h
         * @param outputFile
         * @param code
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
            if (outputFile == null) {
                return;
            }
            File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                dir.mkdirs();
            }
            try {
                outputFile.createNewFile();
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
                outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
                fos.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw e;
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 输出指定验证码图片流
         *
         * @param w
         * @param h
         * @param os
         * @param code
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
            int verifySize = code.length();
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Random rand = new Random();
            Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
            g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            Color[] colors = new Color[5];
            Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
                    Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
                    Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW};
            float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
            for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
                colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
                fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
            }
            Arrays.sort(fractions);
    
            g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
            g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
    
            Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
            g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
            g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
    
            //绘制干扰线
            Random random = new Random();
            g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
                int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
                int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
                int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
                g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
            }
    
            // 添加噪点
            float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
            int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
            for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
                int x = random.nextInt(w);
                int y = random.nextInt(h);
                int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
                image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
            }
    
            shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲
    
            g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
            int fontSize = h - 4;
            Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
            g2.setFont(font);
            char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
            for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
                AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
                affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
                g2.setTransform(affine);
                g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
            }
    
            g2.dispose();
            ImageIO.write(image, "png", os);
        }
    
        private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
            if (fc > 255) {
                fc = 255;
            }
            if (bc > 255) {
                bc = 255;
            }
            int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            return new Color(r, g, b);
        }
    
        private static int getRandomIntColor() {
            int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
            int color = 0;
            for (int c : rgb) {
                color = color << 8;
                color = color | c;
            }
            return color;
        }
    
        private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
            int[] rgb = new int[3];
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
            }
            return rgb;
        }
    
        private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
            shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
            shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
        }
    
        private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
    
            int period = random.nextInt(2);
    
            boolean borderGap = true;
            int frames = 1;
            int phase = random.nextInt(2);
    
            for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
                double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                        * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                        + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                        / (double) frames);
                g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
                if (borderGap) {
                    g.setColor(color);
                    g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
                    g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
                }
            }
    
        }
    
        private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
    
            int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
    
            boolean borderGap = true;
            int frames = 20;
            int phase = 7;
            for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
                double d = (double) (period >> 1)
                        * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
                        + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
                        / (double) frames);
                g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
                if (borderGap) {
                    g.setColor(color);
                    g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
                    g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
                }
    
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    
            for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
                File dir = new File("E:/img/");
                int w = 200, h = 80;
                String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(4);
                File file = new File(dir, verifyCode + ".jpg");
                outputImage(w, h, file, verifyCode);
            }
    
        }
    }

# 方式二：效果图 #

![20190613093259589.png][]

import java.awt.Color;
    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.Graphics;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    
    /**
     * 生成图形验证码
     */
    public class AuthImg extends HttpServlet {
    
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    	// 定义图形验证码中绘制的字符的字体
    	private final Font mFont = new Font("Arial Black", Font.PLAIN, 23);
    	// 图形验证码的大小
    	private final int IMG_WIDTH = 72;
    	private final int IMG_HEIGTH = 27;
    
    	// 获取随机颜色的方法
    	private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
    		Random random = new Random();
    		if (fc > 255)
    			fc = 255;
    		if (bc > 255)
    			bc = 255;
    		int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    		int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    		int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    		return new Color(r, g, b);
    	}
    
    	// 获取随机字符串
    	private String getRandomChar() {
    		int rand = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 2);
    		long itmp = 0;
    		char ctmp = '\u0000';
    		switch (rand) {
    		case 1:
    			itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 65);
    			ctmp = (char) itmp;
    			return String.valueOf(ctmp);
    		case 2:
    			itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 97);
    			ctmp = (char) itmp;
    			return String.valueOf(ctmp);
    		default:
    			itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 9);
    			return itmp + "";
    		}
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// 设置禁止缓存
    		response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
    		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
    		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
    		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
    		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGTH, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    		Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
    		Random random = new Random();
    		g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
    		// 填充背景色
    		g.fillRect(1, 1, IMG_WIDTH - 1, IMG_HEIGTH - 1);
    		// 为图形验证码绘制边框
    		g.setColor(new Color(102, 102, 102));
    		g.drawRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH, IMG_HEIGTH);
    		g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
    		// 生成随机干扰线
    		for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
    			int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH - 1);
    			int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGTH - 1);
    			int x1 = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
    			int y1 = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
    			g.drawLine(x, y, x + x1, y + y1);
    		}
    		g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
    		// 生成随机干扰线
    		for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
    			int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH - 1);
    			int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGTH - 1);
    			int x1 = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
    			int y1 = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
    			g.drawLine(x, y, x - x1, y - y1);
    		}
    		// 设置绘制字符的字体
    		g.setFont(mFont);
    		// 用于保存系统生成的随机字符串
    		String sRand = "";
    		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    			String tmp = getRandomChar();
    			sRand += tmp;
    			g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
    			g.drawString(tmp, 15 * i + 10, 20);
    		}
    		// 获取HttpSession对象
    		HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
    		session.removeAttribute("rand");
    		session.setAttribute("rand", sRand);
    		g.dispose();
    		// 向输出流中输出图片
    		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
    	}
    
    }

[20190819172007916.png]: /images/20220115/a0f007618a7b4af8886e8c35d34743b9.png
[20190613093259589.png]: /images/20220115/ad43c4238248486a9c72fcca0534c0c9.png