201-使用镜像-运行镜像

忘是亡心i 2022-01-12 09:25 270阅读 0赞

### 命令语法格式 ###

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

### docker run --help 查看选项 ###

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --help
    
    Usage:	docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
    
    Run a command in a new container
    
    Options:
          --add-host list                  Add a custom host-to-IP mapping
                                           (host:ip)
      -a, --attach list                    Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
          --blkio-weight uint16            Block IO (relative weight),
                                           between 10 and 1000, or 0 to
                                           disable (default 0)
          --blkio-weight-device list       Block IO weight (relative device
                                           weight) (default [])
          --cap-add list                   Add Linux capabilities
          --cap-drop list                  Drop Linux capabilities
          --cgroup-parent string           Optional parent cgroup for the
                                           container
          --cidfile string                 Write the container ID to the file
          --cpu-period int                 Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair
                                           Scheduler) period
          --cpu-quota int                  Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair
                                           Scheduler) quota
          --cpu-rt-period int              Limit CPU real-time period in
                                           microseconds
          --cpu-rt-runtime int             Limit CPU real-time runtime in
                                           microseconds
      -c, --cpu-shares int                 CPU shares (relative weight)
          --cpus decimal                   Number of CPUs
          --cpuset-cpus string             CPUs in which to allow execution
                                           (0-3, 0,1)
          --cpuset-mems string             MEMs in which to allow execution
                                           (0-3, 0,1)
      -d, --detach                         Run container in background and
                                           print container ID
          --detach-keys string             Override the key sequence for
                                           detaching a container
          --device list                    Add a host device to the container
          --device-cgroup-rule list        Add a rule to the cgroup allowed
                                           devices list
          --device-read-bps list           Limit read rate (bytes per second)
                                           from a device (default [])
          --device-read-iops list          Limit read rate (IO per second)
                                           from a device (default [])
          --device-write-bps list          Limit write rate (bytes per
                                           second) to a device (default [])
          --device-write-iops list         Limit write rate (IO per second)
                                           to a device (default [])
          --disable-content-trust          Skip image verification (default true)
          --dns list                       Set custom DNS servers
          --dns-option list                Set DNS options
          --dns-search list                Set custom DNS search domains
          --entrypoint string              Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT
                                           of the image
      -e, --env list                       Set environment variables
          --env-file list                  Read in a file of environment variables
          --expose list                    Expose a port or a range of ports
          --group-add list                 Add additional groups to join
          --health-cmd string              Command to run to check health
          --health-interval duration       Time between running the check
                                           (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
          --health-retries int             Consecutive failures needed to
                                           report unhealthy
          --health-start-period duration   Start period for the container to
                                           initialize before starting
                                           health-retries countdown
                                           (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
          --health-timeout duration        Maximum time to allow one check to
                                           run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
          --help                           Print usage
      -h, --hostname string                Container host name
          --init                           Run an init inside the container
                                           that forwards signals and reaps
                                           processes
      -i, --interactive                    Keep STDIN open even if not attached
          --ip string                      IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
          --ip6 string                     IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
          --ipc string                     IPC mode to use
          --isolation string               Container isolation technology
          --kernel-memory bytes            Kernel memory limit
      -l, --label list                     Set meta data on a container
          --label-file list                Read in a line delimited file of labels
          --link list                      Add link to another container
          --link-local-ip list             Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local
                                           addresses
          --log-driver string              Logging driver for the container
          --log-opt list                   Log driver options
          --mac-address string             Container MAC address (e.g.,
                                           92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
      -m, --memory bytes                   Memory limit
          --memory-reservation bytes       Memory soft limit
          --memory-swap bytes              Swap limit equal to memory plus
                                           swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
          --memory-swappiness int          Tune container memory swappiness
                                           (0 to 100) (default -1)
          --mount mount                    Attach a filesystem mount to the
                                           container
          --name string                    Assign a name to the container
          --network string                 Connect a container to a network
                                           (default "default")
          --network-alias list             Add network-scoped alias for the
                                           container
          --no-healthcheck                 Disable any container-specified
                                           HEALTHCHECK
          --oom-kill-disable               Disable OOM Killer
          --oom-score-adj int              Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000
                                           to 1000)
          --pid string                     PID namespace to use
          --pids-limit int                 Tune container pids limit (set -1
                                           for unlimited)
          --privileged                     Give extended privileges to this
                                           container
      -p, --publish list                   Publish a container's port(s) to
                                           the host
      -P, --publish-all                    Publish all exposed ports to
                                           random ports
          --read-only                      Mount the container's root
                                           filesystem as read only
          --restart string                 Restart policy to apply when a
                                           container exits (default "no")
          --rm                             Automatically remove the container
                                           when it exits
          --runtime string                 Runtime to use for this container
          --security-opt list              Security Options
          --shm-size bytes                 Size of /dev/shm
          --sig-proxy                      Proxy received signals to the
                                           process (default true)
          --stop-signal string             Signal to stop a container
                                           (default "SIGTERM")
          --stop-timeout int               Timeout (in seconds) to stop a
                                           container
          --storage-opt list               Storage driver options for the
                                           container
          --sysctl map                     Sysctl options (default map[])
          --tmpfs list                     Mount a tmpfs directory
      -t, --tty                            Allocate a pseudo-TTY
          --ulimit ulimit                  Ulimit options (default [])
      -u, --user string                    Username or UID (format:
                                           <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
          --userns string                  User namespace to use
          --uts string                     UTS namespace to use
      -v, --volume list                    Bind mount a volume
          --volume-driver string           Optional volume driver for the
                                           container
          --volumes-from list              Mount volumes from the specified
                                           container(s)
      -w, --workdir string                 Working directory inside the container

### 示例 - 启动 Ubuntu:16.04 用 bash 进行交互 ###

docker run -it --rm ubuntu:16.04 bash

*  \-it: 这是两个参数，一个是 -i:交互式操作，一个是 -t: 终端；
 *  –rm: 这个参数是说容器退出后随之将其删除。默认情况下，为了排除需求，退出的容器并不会立即删除，除非手动 docker rm。我么你这里只是随便执行个命令，看看结果不需要排除和保留结果，因此使用 --rm 可以避免浪费空间；
 *  ubuntu:16.04: 这是指用 Ubuntu:16.04 镜像为基础来启动容器；
 *  bash: 放在镜像名后的是命令，这里我们系统有个交互式 shell，因此用的是 bash。

进入 Ubuntu:16.04 后就和普通 Ubuntu 系统操作基本上没有差异；

最后通过 exit 退出容器。