基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）

Myth丶恋晨 2022-01-10 08:35 307阅读 0赞

**实验目的**

*  学习ESP8266模块（ESP-01）的使用。
 *  进一步学习TPYBoardv10x中UART模块的使用。
 *  结合ESP-01模块完成局域网内的TCP通信实验。

**所需元器件**

*  ESP-01 WIFI模块 1个
 *  TPYBoard v102板子 1块
 *  USB转TTL 1个
 *  micro USB数据线 1条
 *  杜邦线 若干

本实验采用TPYBoardv102串口AT指令的方式，去连接控制ESP8266模块（型号ESP-01）。

**第一步：烧写AT指令的固件**  
下载AT指令相应固件

这里我下载了一个AiCloud 2.0 AT （512+512map）版本的，版本号：v0.0.0.6。  
[http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/\_media/aicloud/sdk/ai-thinker\_esp8266\_dout\_aicloud\_v0.0.0.6\_20170517.7z][http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_media_aicloud_sdk_ai-thinker_esp8266_dout_aicloud_v0.0.0.6_20170517.7z]

安信可科技关于ESP8266相关模组的资料地址。[http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266][http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_esp8266]

AT指令固件其他版本下载。[http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266/sdk][http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_esp8266_sdk]

下载烧写工具ESPFlashDownloadTool

[http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/\_media/esp8266/flash\_download\_tools\_v3.6.4.rar][http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_media_esp8266_flash_download_tools_v3.6.4.rar]

硬件连接

ESP-01模块的引脚图：  
![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT]

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 1]

烧写固件还需用到USB转TTL，ESP-01模最好使用其他外部器件进行供电。这里，我用的TPYBoardv102开发板。但是，别忘记了开发板与TTL之间需要共地。

接线图：  
![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 2]

开始烧写

USB转TTL插上电脑，设备管理器查看端口号。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 3]

打开ESPFlashDownloadTool工具，选择【ESP8266 DownloadTool】。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 4]

我这里下载的是合成的固件，所以地址直接设置为0x00000，其他设置参考如下：

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 5]

选择好端口，点击【START】开始烧写。  
![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 6]

出现等待上电同步，这时给ESP-01模块上电，或者复位一下，等待下载成功。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 7]

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 8]

第二步：测试AT指令  
烧写固件完成之后，将GPIO 0 连接的线拔掉，使其悬空，ESP-01模块会进入正常模式。  
打开串口助手工具 [http://old.tpyboard.com/download/tool/198.html，默认波特率115200][http_old.tpyboard.com_download_tool_198.html_115200]。  
ESP-01模块启动时，会输出一堆乱码。（其实不是乱码，是一些内部信息）如下：

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 9]

出现乱码的原因，如下：

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 10]

输出的内部信息，我们可以忽略掉，只要输出ready，就说明模块一切正常。

进入AT指令模式

AT指令说明文档、AT固件、烧写工具。[http://old.tpyboard.com/download/tool/ESP-01.rar][http_old.tpyboard.com_download_tool_ESP-01.rar]

发送指令：AT

（注意：后面需跟一个回车换行，选择在工具中勾选加回车换行）  
模块返回AT\\r\\nOK，说明模块已经成功进入AT指令模式。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 11]

查询固件版本

发送指令：AT+GMR

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 12]

第三步：局域网TCP通信测试  
1、首先，让ESP-01接入我们的路由器。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 13]

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 14]

.![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 15]

2、接下来，我们做一个局域网内TCP通信的测试。本地用网络调试助手建立一个TCP Server如下：

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 16]

ESP-01作为TCP Client连接Server。发送指令AT+CIPSTART="TCP","192.168.101.116",80

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 17]

TCP链接建立，开始发送数据。单路链接时发送指令为AT+CIPSEND=x，x为发送的字节数。出现符号">"后就可以发送数据了。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 18]

模块会把收到的数据自动通过串口透传过来。

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 19]

以上，我们都是结合USB转TTL实现的AT指令转发。接下来，我们通过TPYBoardv102开发板实现上面的功能。

接线图：  
![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 20]

程序源码：

from pyb import UART
    from pyb import LED
    
    #等待ESP-01模块初始化，忽略启动时的内部信息
    pyb.delay(1000)
    
    ESP_UART = UART(4,115200,timeout=100)
    
    def sendToUart(msg):
        ESP_UART.write(msg+'\r\n')
    
    CWMODE_CUR = 'AT+CWMODE_CUR=1'
    CWJAP_CUR = 'AT+CWJAP_CUR="TurnipSmart","turnip2016"'
    CIPSTART = 'AT+CIPSTART="TCP","192.168.1.116",80'
    CIPSEND = 'AT+CIPSEND=%s'
    msg = 'Hello,I am TPYBoard.'
    
    if __name__  == '__main__':
        sendToUart('AT')
        while True:
            if ESP_UART.any()  > 0:
                buf = ESP_UART.read().decode().replace('\r','').replace('\n','').replace(' ','')
                print(buf)
                if buf.find('busyp') > -1 or buf.find('ERROR') > -1:
                    # AT指令执行失败
                    # 结束程序排查原因
                    break
                elif buf.find('ATOK') > -1:
                    # 说明AT指令执行成功
                    # 成功进入AT指令模式
                    # 设置WIFI模式为sta模式
                    sendToUart(CWMODE_CUR)
                elif buf.find(CWMODE_CUR) > -1:
                    # 设置sta模式成功，连接AP
                    sendToUart(CWJAP_CUR)
                    LED(1).on()
                elif buf.find('WIFIGOTIP') > -1:
                    # 连接AP成功
                    # 开始连接TCP Server
                    pyb.delay(150)
                    sendToUart(CIPSTART)
                    LED(2).on()
                elif buf.find(CIPSTART) > -1:
                    # 连接TCP Server成功，发送数据
                    CIPSEND = CIPSEND % str(len(msg))
                    sendToUart(CIPSEND)
                    LED(3).on()
                elif buf.find('>') > -1:
                    # 发送数据
                    sendToUart(msg)
                    LED(4).on()

![基于MicroPython结合ESP8266模块实现TCP通信（AT指令版）][MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 21]

注意：ESP-01模块上电启动时电流比较大，会导致板子的REPL无反应。关闭putty等工具，按板子的RST复位一下，再连接就好。最好方式采用外部电源给ESP-01模块供电，注意要与板子共地。

综上，TCP的测试实验完毕。本实验只是做了一些简单的示例，大家可根据自己的想法结合文档开发出更有意思的作品，比如智能控制开关、智能WIFI小车等。

下载源码： [https://github.com/TPYBoard/TPYBoard-v102][https_github.com_TPYBoard_TPYBoard-v102]

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/13798209/2404646

[http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_media_aicloud_sdk_ai-thinker_esp8266_dout_aicloud_v0.0.0.6_20170517.7z]: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/_media/aicloud/sdk/ai-thinker_esp8266_dout_aicloud_v0.0.0.6_20170517.7z
[http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_esp8266]: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266
[http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_esp8266_sdk]: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266/sdk
[http_wiki.ai-thinker.com_media_esp8266_flash_download_tools_v3.6.4.rar]: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/_media/esp8266/flash_download_tools_v3.6.4.rar
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/0a0818d166c8b0c47e2cc3f7bf782c4a.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 1]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/e780a29ccfb7652b634580fd18ec4fe7.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 2]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/4872e5f0f00cf8784a11486b1cf5913c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 3]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/4202a97e5de6c540de38699876555231.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 4]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/2aaf0ab74d5f0c205c1819cb2178dadb.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 5]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/877b73da034d1ff456ac4f885702f661.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 6]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/457dc4216ab4f76519479c3f2a4e4c8f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 7]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/b669fe4dfaed46c558b9836a5f2541bb.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 8]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/e25226a9fb671cca167f0fb57cc8c22c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[http_old.tpyboard.com_download_tool_198.html_115200]: http://old.tpyboard.com/download/tool/198.html%EF%BC%8C%E9%BB%98%E8%AE%A4%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%87115200
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 9]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/8e3b7ba7627b983bd2df4185865bcfcc.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 10]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/3f787936bdf76c124cb4410597aca9c0.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[http_old.tpyboard.com_download_tool_ESP-01.rar]: http://old.tpyboard.com/download/tool/ESP-01.rar
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 11]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/247259519933b500ed580d726c7faa3c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 12]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/888a19c399008c2755c19b5bd1f3f0b1.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 13]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/2d8023158d9022cd3fbb0415f73fd82f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 14]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/cadad6c15b367494669b999b6a64462f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 15]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/ff390c8e6e387187cfa93d3680385a55.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 16]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/5df4745e0c2b5179b4b147a84ab903f2.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 17]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/50b517a5e9a1a5f294ca4527e59f8079.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 18]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/5a8ca5f9da6a9bd88d4f1aaccfd7476c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 19]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/0b89a5512790e838861d3b2f1c775624.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 20]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/53b1bec154dd7b8c674ec0dd245d3c78.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[MicroPython_ESP8266_TCP_AT 21]: https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201906/04/4f521247374e19d5ea96b588c47c02ca.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
[https_github.com_TPYBoard_TPYBoard-v102]: https://github.com/TPYBoard/TPYBoard-v102