Spring4 基本使用

港控/mmm° 2021-12-22 17:19 160阅读 0赞

### 前言 ###

虽然现在基本上是 springboot 的天下了，但是传统的 spring4 在广大的软件企业中仍然占据很大比例。一上手能用，但是要让我从无到有搭一个spring4的开发环境出来，可能会磕磕碰碰，耽误不少时间，所以这里从无到有搭一个 spring4的开发环境出来，一步步完善，也复习下 spring 的基本用法，温故知新。

### 创建maven项目，引入spring4的一些核心包和常用扩展包。 ###

我用的是spring4最新版本 `4.3.24.RELEASE`  
`pom.xml`

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.hz</groupId> <artifactId>admin</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>admin Maven Webapp</name> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>4.3.24.RELEASE</spring.version> <junit.version>4.11</junit.version> <jackson.version>2.9.8</jackson.version> </properties> <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>    <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>  </dependencies> <build> <finalName>admin</finalName> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin>  <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> <configuration> <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source> <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin>  <plugin> <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>9.4.18.v20190429</version> <configuration> <httpConnector> <port>8082</port>  </httpConnector> <scanIntervalSeconds>2</scanIntervalSeconds> <webApp> <contextPath>/</contextPath> </webApp> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>

### 配置web.xml ###

web.xml文件是web项目的启动文件，要想在web项目中使用spring，需要在这里配置spring

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
            "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
            "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
        <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
        
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:/spring.xml</param-value>  
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>   
            </init-param>
            
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
            
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>login.html</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
        <error-page> 
            <error-code>404</error-code>
            <location>/nopage.html</location>
        </error-page>
        <error-page> 
            <exception-type>java.lang.NullPointerException</exception-type>
            <location>/error.html</location>
        </error-page>
        <session-config>
            <session-timeout>360</session-timeout>
        </session-config>
    
    </web-app>

### 配置mvc ###

`spring-mvc.xml`

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">  <context:component-scan base-package="com.hz.*.controller"/>  <mvc:default-servlet-handler />  <mvc:annotation-driven />  <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean>   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/" />  <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>

### 项目结构 ###

![1693270-20190604012604530-731295465.png][]

### 测试Controller ###

package com.hz.common.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @Controller() @RequestMapping("test") public class TestController { @RequestMapping("/info") @ResponseBody public Object test(Integer val){ // contentType=application/x-www-form-urlencoded System.out.println(val == null ? "null" : val.toString()); HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("prop", "value"); map.put("prop1", "value1"); return map; } }

postman测试  
![1693270-20190604012726229-26751410.png][]

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/liu-shijun/p/10971144.html

[1693270-20190604012604530-731295465.png]: /images/20211220/9c680d1ad2974efdbb4289f31bf7682d.png
[1693270-20190604012726229-26751410.png]: /images/20211220/88ef828283a84544bd7c4b2c58c562be.png