利用 JsonSerde 为复杂 JSON 格式数据创建 Hive 表结构

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2021-12-20 19:39 296阅读 0赞

1.  **配置java，maven等环境变量**
    
    **java:**
    
        export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
        export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
        export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tool.jar:$CLASSPATH
    
    **maven:**
    
        export MVN_HOME=/usr/local/maven
        export PATH=$MVN_HOME/bin:$PATH
2.  **下载 hive-json-schema**
    
        [root@cdh01 cloudera]# git clone https://github.com/quux00/hive-json-schema.git
        正克隆到 'hive-json-schema'...
        remote: Enumerating objects: 155, done.
        remote: Total 155 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 155
        接收对象中: 100% (155/155), 142.85 KiB | 34.00 KiB/s, done.
        处理 delta 中: 100% (35/35), done.
        [root@cdh01 cloudera]# cd hive-json-schema/
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# ll
        总用量 8
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1610 6月  27 23:25 pom.xml
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3873 6月  27 23:25 README.md
        drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   18 6月  27 23:25 src
3.  **maven 打包**
    
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# mvn package
        [INFO] Scanning for projects...
        [WARNING] 
        [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for net.thornydev:json-hive-schema:jar:1.0
        [WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin is missing. @ line 13, column 15
        [WARNING] 
        [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
        [WARNING] 
        [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
        [WARNING] 
        [INFO]                                                                         
        [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [INFO] Building json-hive-schema 1.0
        [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [debug] execute contextualize
        [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
        [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /root/github/cloudera/hive-json-schema/src/main/resources
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent!
        [INFO] Compiling 8 source files to /root/github/cloudera/hive-json-schema/target/classes
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [debug] execute contextualize
        [WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
        [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /root/github/cloudera/hive-json-schema/src/test/resources
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [INFO] No sources to compile
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) @ json-hive-schema ---
        
        -------------------------------------------------------
         T E S T S
        -------------------------------------------------------
        
        Results :
        
        Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
        
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [INFO] Building jar: /root/github/cloudera/hive-json-schema/target/json-hive-schema-1.0.jar
        [INFO] 
        [INFO] --- maven-assembly-plugin:2.4:single (default) @ json-hive-schema ---
        [INFO] Building jar: /root/github/cloudera/hive-json-schema/target/json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar
        [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
        [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [INFO] Total time: 29.893s
        [INFO] Finished at: Thu Jun 27 23:26:07 CST 2019
        [INFO] Final Memory: 19M/206M
        [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# ll target/
        总用量 64
        drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     6 6月  27 23:26 archive-tmp
        drwxr-xr-x 4 root root    28 6月  27 23:25 classes
        drwxr-xr-x 3 root root    25 6月  27 23:25 generated-sources
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29091 6月  27 23:25 json-hive-schema-1.0.jar
        -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29124 6月  27 23:26 json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar
        drwxr-xr-x 2 root root    28 6月  27 23:25 maven-archiver
        drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     6 6月  27 23:26 surefire
4.  **生成 Hive 建表语句**
    
    测试用 json 数据
    
        { 
          "description": "my doc",
          "foo": { 
            "bar": "baz",
            "quux": "revlos",
            "level1" : { 
              "l2string": "l2val",
              "l2struct": { 
                "level3": "l3val"
              }
            }
          },
          "wibble": "123",
          "wobble": [
            { 
              "entry": 1,
              "EntryDetails": { 
                "details1": "lazybones",
                "details2": 414
              }
            },
            { 
              "entry": 2,
              "EntryDetails": { 
                "details1": "entry 123"
              }
            }
          ]
        }
    
        # 方式一 不可执行的jar
        java -cp target/json-hive-schema-1.0.jar net.thornydev.JsonHiveSchema file.json
        java -cp target/json-hive-schema-1.0.jar net.thornydev.JsonHiveSchema file.json table_name
        # 方式二 可执行的jar
        java -jar target/json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar file.json
        java -jar target/json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar file.json table_name
    
    生成建表语句
    
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# java -cp target/json-hive-schema-1.0.jar net.thornydev.JsonHiveSchema file.json
        CREATE TABLE x (
          description string,
          foo struct<bar:string, level1:struct<l2string:string, l2struct:struct<level3:string>>, quux:string>,
          wibble string,
          wobble array<struct<entry:int, entrydetails:struct<details1:string, details2:int>>>)
        ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.openx.data.jsonserde.JsonSerDe';
    
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# java -cp target/json-hive-schema-1.0.jar net.thornydev.JsonHiveSchema file.json table_name
        CREATE TABLE table_name (
          description string,
          foo struct<bar:string, level1:struct<l2string:string, l2struct:struct<level3:string>>, quux:string>,
          wibble string,
          wobble array<struct<entry:int, entrydetails:struct<details1:string, details2:int>>>)
        ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.openx.data.jsonserde.JsonSerDe';
    
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# java -jar target/json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar file.json
        CREATE TABLE x (
          description string,
          foo struct<bar:string, level1:struct<l2string:string, l2struct:struct<level3:string>>, quux:string>,
          wibble string,
          wobble array<struct<entry:int, entrydetails:struct<details1:string, details2:int>>>)
        ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.openx.data.jsonserde.JsonSerDe';
    
        [root@cdh01 hive-json-schema]# java -jar target/json-hive-schema-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar file.json table_name
        CREATE TABLE table_name (
          description string,
          foo struct<bar:string, level1:struct<l2string:string, l2struct:struct<level3:string>>, quux:string>,
          wibble string,
          wobble array<struct<entry:int, entrydetails:struct<details1:string, details2:int>>>)
        ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.openx.data.jsonserde.JsonSerDe';
5.  **验证 Hive 表结构**
    
    测试数据 file.json
    
        { "description":"mydoc","foo":{ "bar":"baz","quux":"revlos","level1":{ "l2string":"l2val","l2struct":{ "level3":"l3val"}}},"wibble":"123","wobble":[{ "entry":1,"EntryDetails":{ "details1":"lazybones","details2":414}},{ "entry":2,"EntryDetails":{ "details1":"entry123"}}]}
        { "description":"mytxt","foo":{ "bar":"sas","quux":"revlos","level1":{ "l2string":"l2val","l2struct":{ "level3":"l3val"}}},"wibble":"123","wobble":[{ "entry":1,"EntryDetails":{ "details1":"lazybones","details2":414}}]}
    
    创建表
    
        hive> CREATE TABLE table_name (
        >   description string,
        >   foo struct<bar:string, level1:struct<l2string:string, l2struct:struct<level3:string>>, quux:string>,
        >   wibble string,
        >   wobble array<struct<entry:int, entrydetails:struct<details1:string, details2:int>>>)
        > ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.openx.data.jsonserde.JsonSerDe';
        OK
        Time taken: 0.135 seconds
    
    加载数据
    
        LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH '/root/tmp/file.json' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE table_name ;
    
    查询数据
    
        SELECT * FROM table_name;
        SELECT wobble.entry, wobble.EntryDetails.details1, wobble.EntryDetails[0].details2 FROM table_name;
    
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