jQuery prop和attr的区别

比眉伴天荒 2021-12-20 16:41 321阅读 0赞

**两者对比**

<table>       
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jquery方法</td> 
   <td>原理</td> 
   <td>适合场景</td> 
   <td>缺陷</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>prop</td> 
   <td>解析原生property<br> element.property</td> 
   <td>radio/checkbox <br> select标签<br> 等需要读boolean和索引的场合</td> 
   <td>读不到自定义属性<br> 如&lt;a my='I'/&gt; my属性读不到</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>attr</td> 
   <td>通过Attr API去读取<br> element.getAttribute(propertyName)</td> 
   <td>除prop场景外</td> 
   <td>可能读不到boolean或一些索引值<br> 如checked，selectedIndex</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**prop方法**

例子

在控制台输入

document.getElementsByTagName('a')[0].href

控制台输出

"http://www.baidu.com/home/xman/show/liteoff"

href就是标签a映射的DOM对象HTMLAnchorElement的原生属性。

jQuery源码

prop: function( elem, name, value ) {
            var ret, hooks, notxml,
                nType = elem.nodeType;
    
            // don't get/set properties on text, comment and attribute nodes
            if ( !elem || nType === 3 || nType === 8 || nType === 2 ) {
                return;
            }
    
            notxml = nType !== 1 || !jQuery.isXMLDoc( elem );
    
            if ( notxml ) {
                // Fix name and attach hooks
                name = jQuery.propFix[ name ] || name;
                hooks = jQuery.propHooks[ name ];
            }
    
            if ( value !== undefined ) {
                if ( hooks && "set" in hooks && (ret = hooks.set( elem, value, name )) !== undefined ) {
                    return ret;
    
                } else {
                    return ( elem[ name ] = value );//这里就是读原生property
                }
    
            } else {
                if ( hooks && "get" in hooks && (ret = hooks.get( elem, name )) !== null ) {
                    return ret;
    
                } else {
                    return elem[ name ];
                }
            }
        }

**attr方法**

例子

在控制台输入

document.getElementsByTagName('a')[10].getAttribute('href')

控制台输出

"http://www.hao123.com"

getAttribute就是Attr类的查询API。其他还有删除、修改、增加。

jQuery源码

attr: function( elem, name, value, pass ) {
    		var ret, hooks, notxml,
    			nType = elem.nodeType;
    
    		// don't get/set attributes on text, comment and attribute nodes
    		if ( !elem || nType === 3 || nType === 8 || nType === 2 ) {
    			return;
    		}
    
    		if ( pass && jQuery.isFunction( jQuery.fn[ name ] ) ) {
    			return jQuery( elem )[ name ]( value );
    		}
    
    		// Fallback to prop when attributes are not supported
    		if ( typeof elem.getAttribute === "undefined" ) {
    			return jQuery.prop( elem, name, value );
    		}
    
    		notxml = nType !== 1 || !jQuery.isXMLDoc( elem );
    
    		// All attributes are lowercase
    		// Grab necessary hook if one is defined
    		if ( notxml ) {
    			name = name.toLowerCase();
    			hooks = jQuery.attrHooks[ name ] || ( rboolean.test( name ) ? boolHook : nodeHook );
    		}
    
    		if ( value !== undefined ) {
    
    			if ( value === null ) {
    				jQuery.removeAttr( elem, name );
    				return;
    
    			} else if ( hooks && "set" in hooks && notxml && (ret = hooks.set( elem, value, name )) !== undefined ) {
    				return ret;
    
    			} else {
    				elem.setAttribute( name, value + "" );
    				return value;
    			}
    
    		} else if ( hooks && "get" in hooks && notxml && (ret = hooks.get( elem, name )) !== null ) {
    			return ret;
    
    		} else {
    
    		　　　　　ret = elem.getAttribute( name );//这里通过Attr API读取属性
    
    			// Non-existent attributes return null, we normalize to undefined
    			return ret === null ?
    				undefined :
    				ret;
    		}
    	}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mominger/p/3978039.html