SpringBoot2整合RabbitMQ详解

╰半夏微凉° 2021-12-20 02:15 542阅读 0赞

### 开发环境： ###

*  开发工具：IntelliJ IDEA
 *  Java版本：1.8
 *  Spring Boot版本：2.1.6.RELEASE
 *  RabbitMQ版本：3.6.9

### 1、开启RabbitMQ ###

RabbitMQ安装在本地虚拟机CentOS7上，开启RabbitMQ操作如下：

#进入到系统管理目录
    [root@rabbitmq ~]# cd /etc
    #查看当前防火墙状态
    [root@rabbitmq etc]# systemctl status firewalld.service
    #关闭防火墙
    [root@rabbitmq etc]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
    #查看rabbitmq的安装目录
    [root@rabbitmq ~]# whereis rabbitmq
    #进入到rabbitmq指令目录
    [root@rabbitmq ~]# cd /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.6.9/sbin
    #查看指令列表
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# ll
    #后台开启rabbitmq
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmq-server -detached
    #查看rabbit进程，获取进程号
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# ps -ef | grep rabbitmq
    #关闭rabbit进程，6712为rabbit进程号
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# kill -9 6712
    #查看用户列表
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl list_users
    #添加用户
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl add_user root 1314
    #设置管理员角色
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags root administrator
    #设置无限制权限
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / root ".*" ".*" ".*"
    #删除用户
    [root@rabbitmq sbin]# rabbitmqctl delete_user root 1314

### 2、创建Spring Boot工程 ###

##### （1）pom.xml #####

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/>
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.ming</groupId>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>rabbitmq</name>
        <description>RabbitMQ project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

##### （2）工程结构 #####

![20190629212227408.jpg][]

##### application.yml #####

spring:
      rabbitmq:
        #服务器地址
        host: 192.168.230.128
        #RabbitMQ端口
        port: 5672
        #RabbitMQ用户
        username: root
        #RabbitMQ密码
        password: 1314
        #是否确认生产的消息已被消费
        publisher-confirms: true
    rabbitmq:
      queue:
        #消息队列名称
        msg: queue-msg

##### RabbitMQConfig #####

package com.ming.rabbitmq.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    @Configuration
    public class RabbitMQConfig { 
    
        @Value("${rabbitmq.queue.msg}")
        private String msgQueueName;
    
        @Bean
        public Queue createQueueMsg() { 
    
            //创建字符串消费队列，durable代表是否持久化消息
            return new Queue(msgQueueName, true);
        }
    }

##### RabbitMQProducer #####

package com.ming.rabbitmq.producer;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    //实现RabbitTemplate类的内部接口ConfirmCallback，重写confirm回调确认方法
    public class RabbitMQProducer implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback { 
    
        @Value("${rabbitmq.queue.msg}")
        private String msgRouting;
    
        @Autowired
        private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
        public void sendMsg(String msg) { 
    
            System.out.println("发送的字符串消息：" + msg);
            //设置回调
            rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this);
            //将消息发送到指定队列（msgRouting）
            //RabbitTemplate中的convertAndSend方法表示转换和发送消息，默认使用SimpleMessageConverter对象转换
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(msgRouting, msg);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) { 
        
            //ack表示是否消费成功，cause表示异常原因
            if (ack) { 
                System.out.println("已成功消费！");
            } else { 
                System.out.println("消费失败：" + cause);
            }
        }
    }

##### RabbitMQConsumer #####

package com.ming.rabbitmq.consumer;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component
    public class RabbitMQConsumer { 
    
        /** * 使用注解@RabbitListener定义监听器，用于监听rabbitmq.queue.msgs所指向的队列 * @param msg 队列中的字符串消息 */
        @RabbitListener(queues = { "${rabbitmq.queue.msg}"})
        public void receiveMsg(String msg) { 
            System.out.println("消费的字符串信息：" + msg);
        }
    }

##### RabbitmqApplicationTests #####

package com.ming.rabbitmq;
    
    import com.ming.rabbitmq.producer.RabbitMQProducer;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class RabbitmqApplicationTests { 
    
        @Autowired
        private RabbitMQProducer rabbitMQProducer;
    
        @Test
        public void contextLoads() { 
    
            rabbitMQProducer.sendMsg("It's good");
        }
    }

### 3、单元测试 ###

运行测试类RabbitmqApplicationTests，结果如下：

![20190629214111660.jpg][]

[20190629212227408.jpg]: /images/20211220/728e354a529d4833926475c16b598e6a.png
[20190629214111660.jpg]: /images/20211220/1e9052e1527f4c9c84d41071e9dfba48.png