Nginx【第一篇】安装

短命女 2021-12-18 12:57 374阅读 0赞

![1033021-20161213103414979-1936313820.png][]

## 一、简介 ##

Nginx("engine x")是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师 Igor Sysoev 所开发高性能的 Web 和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx 是 Apache 服务器不错的替代品。

## 二、准备 ##

### 1、环境 ###

系统平台：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.3 (Maipo)

内核版本：3.10.0-514.el7.x86\_64

### 2、安装编译工具和库文件 ###

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

### 3、安装pcre ###

PCRE 作用是让 Ngnix 支持 Rewrite 功能。

查看是否安装pcre

\# pcre-config --version

![1033021-20161213113032229-149600190.png][]

上述表明已安装。

若未安装，参照以下步骤：

**1）下载**

地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/

**2）解压安装包:**  
\# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

**3）编译安装**  
\# cd pcre-8.35

\# ./configure

\# make && make install

## 三、安装 ##

### 1、下载 nginx 安装包 ###

[http://nginx.org/download/][http_nginx.org_download]

### 2、解压 ###

\# tar zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

### 3、编译 ###

\# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http\_stub\_status\_module --with-http\_ssl\_module --with-pcre

### 4、安装 ###

\# make

\# make install

### 5、测试 ###

查看nginx版本

\# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v

![1033021-20161213122229167-569786875.png][]

显示版本信息，证明已安装成功

## 四、配置 ##

### 1、创建用户 ###

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 ruready：  
\# /usr/sbin/groupadd ruready  
\# /usr/sbin/useradd -g ruready ruready

### 2、配置nginx.conf ###

\# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  ruready ruready;
    worker_processes  2;
    
    error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit; # 日志位置和日志级别
    pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
    
    #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
    worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
    events {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections  65535;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        tcp_nopush     on;
    
        keepalive_timeout  60;
    
        gzip  on;
        gzip_min_length 1k;
        gzip_buffers 4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.0;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
        gzip_vary on;
    
        # 下面是server虚拟主机的配置
        server {
            listen       80;#监听端口
            server_name  localhost;#域名
    
            charset utf-8;
    
            access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
    
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            
            location ~ \.php$ {
                root           html;
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
            }
    
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /\.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
    
    
        # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       8000;
        #    listen       somename:8080;
        #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    
        # HTTPS server
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       443 ssl;
        #    server_name  localhost;
    
        #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
        #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    
        #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
        #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    }

### 3、检查配置文件ngnix.conf的正确性 ###

\# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

![1033021-20161213125539651-1213415184.png][]

## 五、启动 ##

### 1、启动命令 ###

\# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

![1033021-20161213130051589-325297496.png][]

### 2、访问测试 ###

![1033021-20161213130447339-1353805015.png][]

### 3、可以通过 links命令测试 ###

links 127.0.0.1:8080

![1033021-20170301151226376-1255879956.png][]

## 六、常用命令 ##

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx/nginx.conf \# 加载指定配置文件启动

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload \# 重新载入配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen \# 重启 Nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop \# 停止 Nginx

## 七、其他 ##

### 1、设置开机启动 ###

echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" >> /etc/rc.local

### 2、添加到 service 服务 ###

touch /etc/init.d/nginx

chmod 755 nginx //修改脚本文件nginx的权限

chkconfig --add nginx //将脚本文件加入chkconfig中

chkconfig --level 35 nginx on //设置nginx开机在3和5级别自动启动

nginx 文件内容如下：

1 #!/bin/sh 
      2 # 
      3 # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon 
      4 # 
      5 # chkconfig: - 85 15 
      6 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ 
      7 #   proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server 
      8 # processname: nginx 
      9 # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
     10 # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx 
     11 # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid 
     12 # Source function library. 
     13 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 
     14 # Source networking configuration. 
     15 . /etc/sysconfig/network 
     16 # Check that networking is up. 
     17 [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 
     18     nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" 
     19     prog=$(basename $nginx) 
     20     NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 
     21 [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx 
     22     lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx 
     23  
     24 start() { 
     25     [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 
     26     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 
     27     echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 
     28     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 
     29     retval=$? 
     30     echo 
     31 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile 
     32     return $retval 
     33 } 
     34  
     35 stop() { 
     36     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 
     37     killproc $prog -QUIT 
     38     retval=$? 
     39     echo 
     40 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile 
     41     return $retval 
     42     killall -9 nginx 
     43 } 
     44  
     45 restart() { 
     46     configtest || return $? 
     47     stop 
     48     sleep 1 
     49     start 
     50 } 
     51  
     52 reload() { 
     53     configtest || return $? 
     54     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " 
     55     killproc $nginx -HUP 
     56     RETVAL=$? 
     57     echo 
     58 } 
     59  
     60 force_reload() { 
     61     restart 
     62 } 
     63  
     64 configtest() { 
     65     $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 
     66 } 
     67  
     68 rh_status() { 
     69     status $prog 
     70 } 
     71  
     72 rh_status_q() { 
     73     rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 
     74 } 
     75  
     76 case "$1" in 
     77     start) 
     78         rh_status_q && exit 0 
     79         $1 
     80     ;; 
     81     stop) 
     82         rh_status_q || exit 0 
     83         $1 
     84     ;; 
     85     restart|configtest) 
     86         $1 
     87     ;; 
     88     reload) 
     89         rh_status_q || exit 7 
     90         $1 
     91     ;; 
     92     force-reload) 
     93         force_reload 
     94     ;; 
     95     status) 
     96         rh_status 
     97     ;; 
     98     condrestart|try-restart) 
     99         rh_status_q || exit 0 
    100     ;; 
    101     *) 
    102         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" 
    103         exit 2 
    104 esac

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/RUReady/p/6169464.html

[1033021-20161213103414979-1936313820.png]: /images/20211218/c6871a7243d34ee8b2ae7589aa223e0b.png
[1033021-20161213113032229-149600190.png]: /images/20211218/f6b2976c03bb4f19a47cb2623ea2f7d2.png
[http_nginx.org_download]: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
[1033021-20161213122229167-569786875.png]: /images/20211218/fd0832f1c9fc4c8981fbead873bee0ac.png
[1033021-20161213125539651-1213415184.png]: /images/20211218/5b50dec580ee4be89c25d6094e510a7f.png
[1033021-20161213130051589-325297496.png]: /images/20211218/1b241e2f28d144068e1d1f790b33ae7a.png
[1033021-20161213130447339-1353805015.png]: /images/20211218/cb1a27cc534d41439c97b37a277f9672.png
[1033021-20170301151226376-1255879956.png]: /images/20211218/9e4da96e05064dbcaf722b94709e47af.png