Spark Streaming将处理结果数据写入Kafka

Bertha 。 2021-12-16 07:39 319阅读 0赞

Spark 没有直截有效的方式将消息发送到Kafka。

input.foreachRDD(rdd =>
      // 不能在这里创建KafkaProducer
      rdd.foreachPartition(partition =>
        partition.foreach {
          case x: String => {
            val props = new HashMap[String, Object]()
            props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, brokers)
            props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG,
              "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer")
            props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG,
              "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer")
            println(x)
            val producer = new KafkaProducer[String, String](props)
            val message = new ProducerRecord[String, String]("output", null, x)
            producer.send(message)
          }
        }
      )
    )

这种方式缺点很明显，对于每个partition的每条记录，我们都需要创建 KafkaProducer，然后利用 KafkaProducer 进行输出操作，  
但是由于 KafkaProducer 是不可序列化的，所以不能将 KafkaProducer 实例放在 foreachPartition 外边创建。  
上面这种做法会为每条记录都建立一次连接，这种方法是不灵活且低效的。

因而我们采用以下方法:

1.  **创建 KafkaProducer 包装器**
    
        import java.util.concurrent.Future
        import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.{KafkaProducer, ProducerRecord, RecordMetadata}
        
        class KafkaSink[K, V](createProducer: () => KafkaProducer[K, V]) extends Serializable {
          /* This is the key idea that allows us to work around running into
             NotSerializableExceptions. */
          lazy val producer = createProducer()
        
          def send(topic: String, key: K, value: V): Future[RecordMetadata] =
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord[K, V](topic, key, value))
        
          def send(topic: String, value: V): Future[RecordMetadata] =
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord[K, V](topic, value))
        }
        
        object KafkaSink {
        
          import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
        
          def apply[K, V](config: Map[String, Object]): KafkaSink[K, V] = {
            val createProducerFunc = () => {
              val producer = new KafkaProducer[K, V](config)
              sys.addShutdownHook {
                // Ensure that, on executor JVM shutdown, the Kafka producer sends
                // any buffered messages to Kafka before shutting down.
                producer.close()
              }
              producer
            }
            new KafkaSink(createProducerFunc)
          }
        
          def apply[K, V](config: java.util.Properties): KafkaSink[K, V] = apply(config.toMap)
        }
2.  **使用广播变量为每个执行程序提供自己的包装 KafkaProducer 实例**
    
        import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig
        
        val ssc: StreamingContext = {
          val sparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("spark-streaming-kafka-example").setMaster("local[2]")
          new StreamingContext(sparkConf, Seconds(5))
        }
        
        ssc.checkpoint("checkpoint-directory")
        
        // 初始化KafkaSink,并广播
        val kafkaProducer: Broadcast[KafkaSink[String, String]] = {
          val kafkaProducerConfig: Map[String, Object] = getKafkaProducerParams()
          if (logger.isInfoEnabled){
            logger.info("kafka producer init done!")
          }
          ssc.sparkContext.broadcast(KafkaSink[String, String](kafkaProducerConfig))
        }
        def getKafkaProducerParams(): Map[String, Object] = {
            Map[String, Object](
              ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.bootstrap.servers"),
              ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.acks"),
              ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.retries"),
              ProducerConfig.BATCH_SIZE_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.batch.size"),
              ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.linger.ms"),
              ProducerConfig.BUFFER_MEMORY_CONFIG -> properties.getProperty("kafka1.buffer.memory"),
              ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG -> classOf[StringSerializer],
              ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG -> classOf[StringSerializer]
            )
        }
3.  **从 Spark Streaming 写入Kafka，重新使用相同的包装 KafkaProducer 实例（对于每个执行程序）**
    
        import java.util.concurrent.Future
        import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.RecordMetadata
        
        val stream: DStream[String] = ???
        stream.foreachRDD(rdd => {
          rdd.foreachPartition(partitionOfRecords => {
        	val metadata: Stream[Future[RecordMetadata]] = partitionOfRecords.map(record => {
        	  kafkaProducer.value.send("my-output-topic", new Gson().toJson(record))
        	}).toStream
        	metadata.foreach(data => {
        	  data.get()
        	})
          })
        })
4.  **运行测试**
    
    创建主题
    
        kafka-topics --create --zookeeper cdh01:2181,cdh02:2181,cdh03:2181 --topic my-output-topic --partitions 3 --replication-factor 3
    
    消费主题数据
    
        kafka-console-consumer --bootstrap-server cdh01:9092 --topic my-output-topic --from-beginnin