09 Django组件之用户认证组件

港控/mmm° 2021-12-10 21:04 245阅读 0赞

### 没有学习Django认证组件之前使用装饰器方法 ###

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from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
    from app01.MyForms import EmpForm
    from app01 import models
    
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def login_required(func):
        def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
            if request.session.get("is_login"):
                ret = func(request, *args, **kwargs)
                return ret
            else:
                path = request.path
                print(path)
                return redirect("/login/?next=%s" % path)
        return inner
    
    
    def login(request):
        if request.method == "POST":
            form = EmpForm(request.POST)
            if form.is_valid():
                print(1111,form.cleaned_data)
                emp_obj = models.Emp.objects.filter(name=form.cleaned_data.get('name'),
                                          age=form.cleaned_data.get('age'),
                                          salary=form.cleaned_data.get('salary')).first()
                if emp_obj:
                    request.session['is_login'] = True
                    path = request.GET.get('next') or "/index/"
                    return redirect(path)
    
            else:
                clear_errors = form.errors.get("__all__")  # 获取全局钩子错误信息
                return render(request, "login.html", {
         "form": form, "clear_errors": clear_errors})
        else:
            form = EmpForm()
            return render(request, "login.html", {
         "form": form})
    
    
    
    @login_required
    def index(request):
        return HttpResponse("这是主页。。。")
    
    
    @login_required
    def order(request):
        return HttpResponse("这是订单。。。")
    
    
    def logout(request):
        request.session.flush()
        return redirect("/login/")

app01/views.py

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from django import forms
    from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError  #导包  from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
    from app01 import models
    
    class EmpForm(forms.Form):
        name = forms.CharField(min_length=5, label="姓名", error_messages={
         "required": "该字段不能为空!",
                                                                         "min_length": "用户名太短。"})
        age = forms.IntegerField(label="年龄")
        salary = forms.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, label="工资")
        r_salary = forms.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, label="请确认工资")
        # 局部钩子
        def clean_name(self):  # 名称不能随便起，必须要clean_类属性名称
            val = self.cleaned_data.get("name")
    
            if val.isdigit():
                raise ValidationError("用户名不能全是数字。")
            # elif models.Emp.objects.filter(name=val):
            #     raise ValidationError("用户名已存在。")
            else:
                return val
    
        def clean(self):
            salary = self.cleaned_data.get("salary")
            r_salary = self.cleaned_data.get("r_salary")
            if salary != r_salary:
                raise ValidationError("工资输入有误。")
            else:
                return self.cleaned_data

app01/MyForms.py

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from django.db import models
    
    class Emp(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        age = models.IntegerField()
        salary = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2)

app01/models.py

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from django.contrib import admin
    from django.urls import path
    from app01 import views
    urlpatterns = [
        path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
        path('login/', views.login),
        path('index/', views.index),
        path('order/', views.order),
        path('logout/', views.logout),
    ]

urls.py

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<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <form action="" method="post" novalidate>
        {% csrf_token %}
        <div>
            <label for="id_{
          { form.name.name }}">姓名</label>
            {
          { form.name }} <span>{
         { form.name.errors.0 }}</span>
        </div>
        <div>
            <label for="id_{
          { form.age.name }}">年龄</label>
            {
          { form.age }} <span>{
         { form.age.errors.0 }}</span>
        </div>
        <div>
            <label for="id_salary">工资</label>
            {
          { form.salary }} <span>{
         { form.salary.errors.0 }}{
         { clear_errors.0 }}</span>
        </div>
        <div>
            <label for="id_r_salary">请再输入工资</label>
            {
          { form.r_salary }} <span>{
         { form.r_salary.errors.0 }}{
         { clear_errors.0 }}</span>
        </div>
        <input type="submit">
    
    </form>
    <a href="/logout/">注销</a>
    
    </body>
    </html>

### 一、auth模块 ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
      1 
    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>from</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>django.contrib&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>import</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>auth</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

django.contrib.auth中提供了许多方法，这里主要介绍其中的三个：

#### **1.1 、authenticate()   ** ####

提供了用户认证，即验证用户名以及密码是否正确,一般需要username  password两个关键字参数

如果认证信息有效，会返回一个  User  对象。authenticate()会在User 对象上设置一个属性标识那种认证后端认证了该用户，且该信息在后面的登录过程中是需要的。当我们试图登陆一个从数据库中直接取出来不经过authenticate()的User对象会报错的！！

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
      1 
    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>authenticate(username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>'someone'</code> 
      <code>,password</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>'somepassword'</code> 
      <code>)</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### **1.2 、login(HttpRequest, user)　　** ####

该函数接受一个HttpRequest对象，以及一个认证了的User对象

此函数使用django的session框架给某个已认证的用户附加上session id等信息。

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    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>from</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>django.contrib.auth&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>import</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>authenticate, login</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>my_view(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>username&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST[</code> 
      <code>'username'</code> 
      <code>]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST[</code> 
      <code>'password'</code> 
      <code>]</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>authenticate(username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>username, password</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>password)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>is</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>not</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>None</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>login(request, user)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code># Redirect to a success page.</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>...</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>else</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code># Return an 'invalid login' error message.</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>...</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### **1.3 、logout(request) 注销用户**　　 ####

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    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>from</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>django.contrib.auth&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>import</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>logout</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>logout_view(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>logout(request)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code># Redirect to a success page.</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

该函数接受一个HttpRequest对象，无返回值。当调用该函数时，当前请求的session信息会全部清除。该用户即使没有登录，使用该函数也不会报错。

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<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <h3>用户登录</h3>
    <form action="" method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="user"></p>
        <p>密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"></p>
        <input type="submit">
    </form>
    <a href="/auth_logout/">注销</a>
    </body>
    </html>

login1.html--auth模块使用

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from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
    from app01.MyForms import EmpForm
    from app01 import models
    from django.contrib import auth
    from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required  #auth自带的装饰器
    # Create your views here.
    
    @login_required
    def index(request):
        return HttpResponse("这是主页。。。")
    
    @login_required
    def order(request):
        return HttpResponse("这是订单。。。")
    
    
    def logout(request):
        request.session.flush()
        return redirect("/login/")
    
    
    def auth_login(request):
        if request.method == "POST":
            user = request.POST.get("user")
            pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
            user_obj = auth.authenticate(username=user, password=pwd)  # 过滤合法用户。有则返回该对象，无，返回None
            print(user_obj, type(user_obj))
            print(user_obj)
            # print(user_obj.username)
            # print(user_obj.email)
            if user_obj:
                auth.login(request, user_obj)
                # 1.设置session值，
                # 2.request.user = user_obj.user
                #settings.py 中的中间件：from django.contrib.auth.middleware import AuthenticationMiddleware  里面process_request方法  得到auth传递的request.user = user_obj.user
                path = request.GET.get('next') or "/index/"
                return redirect(path)
    
        return render(request,"login1.html")
    
    
    def auth_logout(request):
        auth.logout(request)  # 1.清除session信息  2.把request.user 重新赋值为匿名用户。
        return redirect("/auth_login/")
    
    
    #python manager.py createsuperuser创建用户

app01/views.py--auth模块使用

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# from django.conf import global_settings
    # from django.conf import settings
    LOGIN_URL = '/auth_login/'

settings配置LOGIN\_URL 修改模块的全局配置

### 二、User对象 ###

User 对象属性：username， password（必填项）password用哈希算法保存到数据库

#### 2.1 、user对象的 is\_authenticated() ####

如果是真正的 User 对象，返回值恒为 True 。 用于检查用户是否已经通过了认证。  
通过认证并不意味着用户拥有任何权限，甚至也不检查该用户是否处于激活状态，这只是表明用户成功的通过了认证。 这个方法很重要, 在后台用request.user.is\_authenticated()判断用户是否已经登录，如果true则可以向前台展示request.user.name

要求：

1  用户登陆后才能访问某些页面，

2  如果用户没有登录就访问该页面的话直接跳到登录页面

3  用户在跳转的登陆界面中完成登陆后，自动访问跳转到之前访问的地址

方法1:

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 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
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    </div> 
    <div>
      2 
    </div> 
    <div>
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    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>my_view(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>not</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.user.is_authenticated():</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>redirect(</code> 
      <code>'%s?next=%s'</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>%</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>(settings.LOGIN_URL, request.path))</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

方法2:

**django已经为我们设计好了一个用于此种情况的装饰器：login\_requierd()**

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    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>from</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>django.contrib.auth.decorators&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>import</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>login_required</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code>&nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>@login_required</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>my_view(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>...</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

若用户没有登录，则会跳转到django默认的 登录URL '/accounts/login/ ' (这个值可以在settings文件中通过LOGIN\_URL进行修改)。并传递  当前访问url的绝对路径 (登陆成功后，会重定向到该路径)。

#### 2.2 、创建用户 ####

使用 create\_user 辅助函数创建用户:

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
      1 
    </div> 
    <div>
      2 
    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>from</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>django.contrib.auth.models&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>import</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>User</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>User.objects.create_user（username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>'</code> 
      <code>',password='</code> 
      <code>',email='</code> 
      <code>'）</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### 2.3 、check\_password(passwd) ####

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
      1 
    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>用户需要修改密码的时候 首先要让他输入原来的密码 ，如果给定的字符串通过了密码检查，返回&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>True</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### 2.4 、修改密码 ####

使用 set\_password() 来修改密码

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   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>User.objects.get(username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>'')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>user.set_password(password</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>'')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>user.save　</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### 2.5 、简单示例 ####

**注册：**

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   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>sign_up(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div>
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>None</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.method&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'POST'</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div>
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'password'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>repeat_password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'repeat_password'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>email</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'email'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>username&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'username'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>User.objects.</code> 
      <code>filter</code> 
      <code>(username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>username):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'user_exist'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>else</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>new_user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>User.objects.create_user(username</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>username, password</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>password,email</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>email)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>new_user.save()</code> 
     </div> 
     <div>
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>redirect(</code> 
      <code>'/book/'</code> 
      <code>)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>content&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'state'</code> 
      <code>: state,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'user'</code> 
      <code>:&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>None</code> 
      <code>,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>render(request,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'sign_up.html'</code> 
      <code>, content)　　</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**修改密码**

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td> 
    <div>
      1 
    </div> 
    <div>
      2 
    </div> 
    <div>
      3 
    </div> 
    <div>
      4 
    </div> 
    <div>
      5 
    </div> 
    <div>
      6 
    </div> 
    <div>
      7 
    </div> 
    <div>
      8 
    </div> 
    <div>
      9 
    </div> 
    <div>
      10 
    </div> 
    <div>
      11 
    </div> 
    <div>
      12 
    </div> 
    <div>
      13 
    </div> 
    <div>
      14 
    </div> 
    <div>
      15 
    </div> 
    <div>
      16 
    </div> 
    <div>
      17 
    </div> 
    <div>
      18 
    </div> 
    <div>
      19 
    </div> 
    <div>
      20 
    </div> 
    <div>
      21 
    </div> 
    <div>
      22 
    </div> 
    <div>
      23 
    </div> 
    <div>
      24 
    </div> </td> 
   <td> 
    <div> 
     <div> 
      <code>@login_required</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>def</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>set_password(request):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>user&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.user</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>None</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.method&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'POST'</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>old_password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'old_password'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>new_password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'new_password'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>repeat_password&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>request.POST.get(</code> 
      <code>'repeat_password'</code> 
      <code>, '')</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>user.check_password(old_password):</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>if</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>not</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>new_password:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'empty'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>elif</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>new_password !</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>repeat_password:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'repeat_error'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>else</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>user.set_password(new_password)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>user.save()</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>redirect(</code> 
      <code>"/log_in/"</code> 
      <code>)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>else</code> 
      <code>:</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>state&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>'password_error'</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>content&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>=</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'user'</code> 
      <code>: user,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'state'</code> 
      <code>: state,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div> 
      <code>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code>render(request,&nbsp;</code> 
      <code>'set_password.html'</code> 
      <code>, content)</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

![ContractedBlock.gif][] ![ExpandedBlockStart.gif][]

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
    from app01.MyForms import EmpForm
    from app01 import models
    from django.contrib import auth
    from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required  #auth自带的装饰器
    # Create your views here.
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
    
    
    
    # @login_required
    @login_required
    def index(request):
        user = "alexjsdsb"
        pwd = "dsb945"
        # User.objects.create(username=user, password=pwd)  # 常规清空下，这样创建用户。密码不安全。明文。
        # user_obj = User.objects.create_user(username=user, password=pwd)  # 创建普通用户
        user_obj = User.objects.create_superuser(username=user, password=pwd, email="alex@163.com")  # 创建超级用户。
        print(1111, user_obj)
        return HttpResponse("这是主页。。。")
    
    # @login_required
    @login_required
    def order(request):
        return HttpResponse("这是订单。。。")
    
    
    def logout(request):
        request.session.flush()
        return redirect("/login/")
    
    
    def auth_login(request):
        if request.method == "POST":
            user = request.POST.get("user")
            pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")
            user_obj = auth.authenticate(username=user, password=pwd)  # 过滤合法用户。有则返回该对象，无，返回None
            print(user_obj, type(user_obj))
            print(user_obj)
            # print(user_obj.username)
            # print(user_obj.email)
            if user_obj:
                auth.login(request, user_obj)  # 1.设置session值，request.user = user_obj
                path = request.GET.get('next') or "/index/"
                return redirect(path)
    
        return render(request,"login1.html")
    
    
    def auth_logout(request):
        auth.logout(request)  # 1.清楚session信息  2.把request.user 重新赋值为匿名用户。
        return redirect("/auth_login/")

app01/views.py小栗子 其它的文件跟auth模块使用一样

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/linux985/p/10954964.html

[ContractedBlock.gif]: https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif
[ExpandedBlockStart.gif]: /images/20211210/e47809c6f6cb4228a80bb97e67b2a15e.png