Shell实现将多行整合成一行以及行和列的转化

悠悠 2021-12-10 01:11 1938阅读 0赞

源内容：

4 00000080AB34  
5 00000080AB35  
5 00000080AB36  
6 00000080AB37  
4 00000080AB3A  
180  
?  
9 00000080AA0C  
10 00000080AA0E  
4 00000080AA0F  
1 00000080AA10  
5 00000080AA12  
194  
?  
9 00000080AA0C  
5 00000080AA0E  
5 00000080AA0F  
7 00000080AA10  
2 00000080AA12  
200  
?  
  
想实现的效果：

4 00000080AB34 9 00000080AA0C 9 00000080AA0C  
5 00000080AB35 10 00000080AA0E 5 00000080AA0E  
5 00000080AB36 4 00000080AA0F 5 00000080AA0F  
6 00000080AB37 1 00000080AA10 7 00000080AA10  
4 00000080AB3A 5 00000080AA12 2 00000080AA12  
180 194 200  
  
思路：

1、先将所有的内容整合成一行   
2、将一行内容分割成三行   
3、将行和列互转即可

实现：

\#先将所有的内容整合成一行  
sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\\n/|/g' test.txt

![è¿éåå¾çæè¿°][SouthEast]  
  
\#将一行内容分割成三行  
sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\\n/|/g' test.txt | awk -F'?' '\{print "|"$1"\\n"$2"\\n"$3\}'  
![è¿éåå¾çæè¿°][SouthEast 1]

\#将行和列互转,第一列赋给a,第二列赋给b,......  
sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\\n/|/g' test.txt | awk -F'?' '\{print "|"$1"\\n"$2"\\n"$3\}' | awk -F'|' '\{a=a$1" ";b=b$2" ";c=c$3" ";d=d$4" ";e=e$5" ";f=f$6" ";g=g$7" ";\}END\{print a"\\n"b"\\n"c"\\n"d"\\n"e"\\n"f"\\n"g\}'  
![è¿éåå¾çæè¿°][SouthEast 2]

方法二：

\#\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\# sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\\n/|/g' test.txt | awk -F'?' '\{print "|"$1"\\n"$2"\\n"$3\}' > data   \#这种方法要知道是提前知道有多少行  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\# sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\\n/|/g' test.txt | awk -F '?' '\{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)\{print $i\}\}' | sed '1s/^/|/'  > data  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\#   
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\# cat data   
|4 00000080AB34|5 00000080AB35|5 00000080AB36|6 00000080AB37|4 00000080AB3A|180|  
|9 00000080AA0C|10 00000080AA0E|4 00000080AA0F|1 00000080AA10|5 00000080AA12|194|  
|9 00000080AA0C|5 00000080AA0E|5 00000080AA0F|7 00000080AA10|2 00000080AA12|200|  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\#   
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\# bash aa.sh   
4 00000080AB34 9 00000080AA0C 9 00000080AA0C  
5 00000080AB35 10 00000080AA0E 5 00000080AA0E  
5 00000080AB36 4 00000080AA0F 5 00000080AA0F  
6 00000080AB37 1 00000080AA10 7 00000080AA10  
4 00000080AB3A 5 00000080AA12 2 00000080AA12  
180 194 200  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\#   
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z src\]\# cat aa.sh   
\#!/bin/bash  
n=1  
while true  
do  
    ((n++))  
    str=$(cut -f$n -d'|' < data)  
    \[\[ -z $str \]\]&& break || echo $str  
done  
![è¿éåå¾çæè¿°][SouthEast 3]

扩展：行列转化

源：  
DATE 20180110  
00-00 0.11  
00-01 1.12  
00-02 0.23  
00-03 0.82  
00-04 0.15

希望转换成：  
DATE        00-00        00-01        00-02        00-03        00-04         
20180110        0.11        1.12        0.23        0.82        0.15

方法一：  
\#!/bin/bash  
n=1  
while true  
do  
    str=$(cut -f$n -d' ' < test.txt)  
    \[\[ -z $str \]\]&& break || echo $str  
    ((n++))  
done

方法二：  
\#第一列赋给a,第二列赋给b  
awk '\{a=a$1" ";b=b$2" "\}END\{print a"\\n"b\}' test.txt  
![è¿éåå¾çæè¿°][SouthEast 4]  
2、一行变成多列

\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z ~\]\# echo 1 2 3 4 5 6 | xargs -n1  
  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z ~\]\# echo 1 2 3 4 5 6 | xargs -n1 -n2  
  
\[root@iZbp1bhgh25pacaj2ffmp2Z ~\]\# echo 1 2 3 4 5 6 | xargs -n1 -n2 -n3

[SouthEast]: /images/20211209/aa3e07e97fdb490f8c9166e841367142.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20211209/bc17a76da4f547e9a87380c39909b863.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20211209/7ca3d931980541ffb3d18db921539f81.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20211209/cb8c6aeb31cc4ccf8eae7664e95ead5d.png
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20211209/51168e1a86194aa499e52af359c99cfa.png