Docker 安装 MySQL

客官°小女子只卖身不卖艺 2021-12-05 15:39 253阅读 0赞

# 方法一、docker pull mysql #

查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

runoob@runoob:/mysql$ docker search mysql
    NAME                     DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
    mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   2529      [OK]       
    mysql/mysql-server       Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   161                  [OK]
    centurylink/mysql        Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   45                   [OK]
    sameersbn/mysql                                                          36                   [OK]
    google/mysql             MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          16                   [OK]
    appcontainers/mysql      Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con...   8                    [OK]
    marvambass/mysql         MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04              6                    [OK]
    drupaldocker/mysql       MySQL for Drupal                                2                    [OK]
    azukiapp/mysql           Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:...   2                    [OK]
    ...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
    mysql               5.6                 2c0964ec182a        3 weeks ago         329 MB

### 方法二、通过 Dockerfile构建 ###

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。

runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径

logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件

进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie
    
    # add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
    RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql
    
    # add gosu for easy step-down from root
    ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
    RUN set -x \
        && apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
        && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
        && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
        && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
        && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
        && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
        && gosu nobody true \
        && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget
    
    RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    
    # FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
    # File::Basename
    # File::Copy
    # Sys::Hostname
    # Data::Dumper
    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
    
    # gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
    RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5
    
    ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.6
    ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8
    
    RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list
    
    # the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
    # also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
    RUN { \
            echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
            echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
            echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
            echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
        } | debconf-set-selections \
        && apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
        && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
    # ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
        && chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld
    
    # comment out a few problematic configuration values
    # don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
    RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
        && echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
        && mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
    
    VOLUME /var/lib/mysql
    
    COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
    RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
    ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
    
    EXPOSE 3306
    CMD ["mysqld"]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
    mysql               5.6                 2c0964ec182a        3 weeks ago         329 MB

--------------------

## 使用mysql镜像 ##

### 运行容器 ###

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
    21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e
    runoob@runoob:~/mysql$

命令说明：

*  **-p 3306:3306**：将容器的 3306 端口映射到主机的 3306 端口。
 *  **-v -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d**：将主机当前目录下的 conf/my.cnf 挂载到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
 *  **-v $PWD/logs:/logs**：将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /logs。
 *  **-v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql** ：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
 *  **-e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456：**初始化 root 用户的密码。

### 查看容器启动情况 ###

runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker ps 
    CONTAINER ID    IMAGE         COMMAND                  ...  PORTS                    NAMES
    21cb89213c93    mysql:5.6    "docker-entrypoint.sh"    ...  0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mymysql

# #

2 篇笔记 写笔记

1.     Brian
    
      153\*\*\*2799@qq.com
    
    最新官方MySQL(5.7.19)的docker镜像在创建时映射的配置文件目录有所不同，在此记录并分享给大家：
    
    官方原文：
    
    The MySQL startup configuration is specified in the file `/etc/mysql/my.cnf`, and that file in turn includes any files found in the `/etc/mysql/conf.d` directory that end with `.cnf`. Settings in files in this directory will augment and/or override settings in `/etc/mysql/my.cnf`. If you want to use a customized MySQL configuration, you can create your alternative configuration file in a directory on the host machine and then mount that directory location as `/etc/mysql/conf.d` inside the `mysql` container.
    
    大概意思是说：
    
    MySQL(5.7.19)的默认配置文件是 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件。如果想要自定义配置，建议向 /etc/mysql/conf.d 目录中创建 .cnf 文件。新建的文件可以任意起名，只要保证后缀名是 cnf 即可。新建的文件中的配置项可以覆盖 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 中的配置项。
    
    具体操作：
    
    首先需要创建将要映射到容器中的目录以及.cnf文件，然后再创建容器
    
        # pwd
        /opt
        # mkdir -p docker_v/mysql/conf
        # cd docker_v/mysql/conf
        # touch my.cnf
        # docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /opt/docker_v/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d imageID
        4ec4f56455ea2d6d7251a05b7f308e314051fdad2c26bf3d0f27a9b0c0a71414
    
    命令说明：
    
     *  **-p 3306:3306：**将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
     *  **-v /opt/docker\_v/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：**将主机/opt/docker\_v/mysql/conf目录挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d
     *  **-e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456：**初始化root用户的密码
     *  **-d:** 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID
     *  **imageID: **mysql镜像ID
    
    **查看容器运行情况**
    
        # docker ps
        CONTAINER ID IMAGE          COMMAND          ... PORTS                    NAMES
        4ec4f56455ea c73c7527c03a  "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql
    
    Brian
    
       Brian
    
      153\*\*\*2799@qq.com
    
    2年前 (2017-09-08)
2.     liaozesong
    
      lia\*\*\*song@yeah.net
    
     [  参考地址][Link 1]
    
    **docker 安装 mysql 8 版本**
    
        # docker 中下载 mysql
        docker pull mysql
        
        #启动
        docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Lzslov123! -d mysql
        
        #进入容器
        docker exec -it mysql bash
        
        #登录mysql
        mysql -u root -p
        ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Lzslov123!';
        
        #添加远程登录用户
        CREATE USER 'liaozesong'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Lzslov123!';
        GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'liaozesong'@'%';

原文地址：[https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-mysql.html][https_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-install-mysql.html]

[Link 1]: http://note.youdao.com/groupshare/?token=AE9F46916C444460B4B4F7F591727871&gid=80144203
[https_www.runoob.com_docker_docker-install-mysql.html]: https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-mysql.html