Java如何对类进行单元测试（unit test）

落日映苍穹つ 2021-12-03 03:15 417阅读 0赞

## Java对类进行单元测试 ##

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每一个类可以有一 main 方法。这是一个常用于对类单元测试（unit test）的方法。例如，可以在Employee类中添加一个main方法：

class Employee { 
        public Employee(String n, double s, int year, int month, int day){ 
            name = n;
            salary = s;
            LocalDAte hireDay = LocalDate.now(year, month, day);
        }
    
        ······(省略)
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		Employee e = new Employee("Herry", 5000, 2003, 3, 21);
    		System.out.println(e.getName() + " " + e.getSalary());
    	}
    }

如果想要独立地测试Employee类，只需要执行

java Employee

如果Employee类只是一个更大型的应用程序的一部分，就可以使用下面这条语句运行程序

java Application

Employee类的main方法永远不会执行。

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**完整程序：**

package Employee;
    
     import java.time.LocalDate;
    
     /** * 《 Java核心技术 卷I 》P104：程序清单4-2 * EmployeeTest/EmployeeTest.java * @author Gordo_li * */
    
     public class EmployeeTest { 
    
         public static void main(String[] args) { 
             // TODO Auto-generated method stub
             Employee[] staff = new Employee[3];
             
             staff[0] = new Employee("Carl", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
             staff[1] = new Employee("Harry", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);
             staff[2] = new Employee("Tony", 40000, 1990, 3,15);
             
             for (Employee e: staff)
                 e.raiseSalary(5);
             
             for (Employee e: staff)
                 System.out.println("name = " + e.getName() 
                 + ", salary = " + e.getSalary() 
                 + ", hireDay = " + e.getHireDay());
         }
    
     }
    
     class Employee 
     { 
         private String  name;
         private double salary;
         private LocalDate hireDay;
         
         public Employee(String n, double s, int year, int month, int day){ 
             name = n;
             salary = s;
             LocalDate hrieDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
         }
         
         public String getName(){ 
             return name;
         }
         
         public double getSalary(){ 
             return salary;
         }
         
         public LocalDate getHireDay() { 
             return hireDay;
         }
         
         public void raiseSalary(double byPercent) { 
             double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
             salary += raise;
         }
    
     }