ThingsBoard使用笔记（2）模拟传感器发送MQTT并显示监控图表

布满荆棘的人生 2021-11-22 14:48 860阅读 0赞

书接上一篇博文

[ThingsBoard使用笔记（1) 安装][ThingsBoard_1_]

本片主要是在ThingsBoard安装成功后，开始使用ThingsBoard，模拟一个物联网终端，每隔一秒通过MQTT发送数据到服务器；服务器接收到数据后动态显示在图表上。

好了开始吧

# 1.使用默认系统管理员登陆系统创建租户管理员 #

*  使用默认系统账户登陆：Systen Administrator: sysadmin@thingsboard.org / sysadmin
 *  租户->创建租户->创建租户管理员->使用租户管理员身份管理系统

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# 2.使用租户管理员创建监控设备 #

*  新增一个监控设备，复制访问令牌保存下来一会会用到

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# 3.创建仪表盘 #

*  仪表板库->创建仪表板

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

*   添加仪表板部件->添加实体

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

*  添加别名，类型选择设备类型->然后就会出现你刚刚创建的设备，选择上保存

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

*  创建新部件->选择Charts类型

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

# 4.绑定仪表盘和监控设备传递来的数据  #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

*  双击要使用的图表->点击添加数据源->选择之前创建的实体->选择具体数据字段（数据来源于下一步MQTT发送来的数据，可以先跳过）->添加

# 5.模拟给监控设备发送mqtt消息 #

在windows下使用node模拟发送mqtt数据

*  首先安装mqtt

npm install mqtt

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

*  编写emulator.js，模拟给服务器发送mqtt消息，注意修改ip

//Requires node.js and mqtt library installed.
    var mqtt = require('mqtt');
    
    const thingsboardHost = "127.0.0.1";
    // Reads the access token from arguments
    const accessToken = process.argv[2];
    const minTemperature = 17.5, maxTemperature = 30, minHumidity = 12, maxHumidity = 90;
    
    // Initialization of temperature and humidity data with random values
    var data = {
        temperature: minTemperature + (maxTemperature - minTemperature) * Math.random() ,
        humidity: minHumidity + (maxHumidity - minHumidity) * Math.random()
    };
    
    // Initialization of mqtt client using Thingsboard host and device access token
    console.log('Connecting to: %s using access token: %s', thingsboardHost, accessToken);
    var client  = mqtt.connect('mqtt://'+ thingsboardHost, { username: accessToken });
    
    // Triggers when client is successfully connected to the Thingsboard server
    client.on('connect', function () {
        console.log('Client connected!');
        // Uploads firmware version as device attribute using 'v1/devices/me/attributes' MQTT topic
        client.publish('v1/devices/me/attributes', JSON.stringify({"firmware_version":"1.0.1"}));
        // Schedules telemetry data upload once per second
        console.log('Uploading temperature and humidity data once per second...');
        setInterval(publishTelemetry, 1000);
    });
    
    // Uploads telemetry data using 'v1/devices/me/telemetry' MQTT topic
    function publishTelemetry() {
        data.temperature = genNextValue(data.temperature, minTemperature, maxTemperature);
        data.humidity = genNextValue(data.humidity, minHumidity, maxHumidity);
        client.publish('v1/devices/me/telemetry', JSON.stringify(data));
    }
    
    // Generates new random value that is within 3% range from previous value
    function genNextValue(prevValue, min, max) {
        var value = prevValue + ((max - min) * (Math.random() - 0.5)) * 0.03;
        value = Math.max(min, Math.min(max, value));
        return Math.round(value * 10) / 10;
    }
    
    //Catches ctrl+c event
    process.on('SIGINT', function () {
        console.log();
        console.log('Disconnecting...');
        client.end();
        console.log('Exited!');
        process.exit(2);
    });
    
    //Catches uncaught exceptions
    process.on('uncaughtException', function(e) {
        console.log('Uncaught Exception...');
        console.log(e.stack);
        process.exit(99);
    });

指定 emulator.js

# CKbirnV1FPOebt0WfUNs 是访问令牌之前保存的
    node emulator.js CKbirnV1FPOebt0WfUNs

*  执行效果

![20190724191203502.png][]

# 6.查看最终效果 #

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

[ThingsBoard_1_]: https://blog.csdn.net/ieflex/article/details/96484063
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[20190724191203502.png]: /images/20211122/276134e8a0754d29a2c2151484af4438.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2llZmxleA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20211122/7ccf6c3f099742aebaa38f6b36112bc9.png