RabbitMQ入门(一)

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2021-11-18 00:34 428阅读 0赞

## 1.创建maven项目，编写pom文件，编写启动类 ##

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>1.5.21.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath /> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<groupId>per.czt</groupId>
    	<artifactId>springcloud-mq</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	
    	
    		
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

App.java

package per.czt;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * Hello world!
     *
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class App 
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
            SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
        }
    }

## 2.编写配置文件 ##

application.properties

#ip地址
    spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
    #端口
    spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
    #用户名
    spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
    #密码
    spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

4.编写创建消息队列的类  
QueueConfig.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    @Configuration
    public class QueueConfig {
    
    	/*
    	 * 创建队列
    	 */
    	@Bean
    	public Queue createQueue() {
    		return new Queue("rabbitmq");
    	}
    	
    }

## 3.编写发送消息的类 ##

Sender.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息发送者
     */
    @Component
    public class Sender {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    	/*
    	 * 发生消息的方法
    	 */
    	public void send(String msg) {
    		//向消息队列发生消息
    		amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("rabbitmq",msg);
    		
    		
    	}
    
    }

## 4.编写接受消息的类 ##

Receiver.java

package per.czt.config;
    
    import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /*
     * 消息接收者
     */
    @Component
    public class Receiver {
    	/*
    	 * 接受消息的方法，采用消息队列接收机制
    	 */
    	@RabbitListener(queues= {"rabbitmq"})
    	public void process(String msg) {
    		System.out.println("reveiver:"+msg);
    	}
    
    }

## 5.编写测试类 ##

QueueTest.java

package per.czt.test;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import per.czt.App;
    import per.czt.config.Sender;
    
    /*
     * 消息队列测试类
     */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest(classes= {App.class})
    public class QueueTest {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private Sender sender;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test1() {
    		//发送消息
    		sender.send("Hello1");
    	
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void test2() throws InterruptedException {
    		//发送消息
    		while(true) {
    			Thread.sleep(1000);
    			
    			sender.send("Hello");
    		}
    		
    	
    	}
    
    }

## 6.对编写的测试方法进行单元测试 ##

控制台出现

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
已经成功发送了消息  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]  
并且已经创建了队列rabbitmq

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3JqMjAxNzIxMTgxMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211116/0e3247e814ec407eaca7f6916c801df6.png