STM32F072从零配置工程-串口DMA实现

以你之姓@ 2021-11-16 10:06 478阅读 0赞

话不多说，先贴上主要的外设初始化流程：

int main(void)
    {
      /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
      HAL_Init();
      /* Configure the system clock */
      SystemClock_Config();
      /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
      MX_GPIO_Init();
      MX_DMA_Init();
      MX_USART2_UART_Init();
    
      /* Infinite loop */
      while (1)
      {
        if(UART2_Length && Tx2_Complete_Flag == 0)
        {
            DMA_Tx2_Data(User_UART2_Buffer, UART2_Length);
            UART2_Length = 0;
        }
    
      }
    }

分析一下初始化流程：

GPIO的初始化：由于没有使用到GPIO的初始化，因此GPIO的初始化还是以时钟使能为主；

void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
    {
      /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
      __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    }

DMA初始化：使能了DMA时钟，配置了DMA通道中断的中断优先级并使能了DMA中断函数；

void MX_DMA_Init(void) 
    {
      /* DMA controller clock enable */
      __HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();
      /* DMA interrupt init */
      /* DMA1_Channel4_5_6_7_IRQn interrupt configuration */
      HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA1_Channel4_5_6_7_IRQn, 2, 0);
      HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA1_Channel4_5_6_7_IRQn);
    }

串口UART初始化：也是整个流程的重点配置；

首先是对UART2串口的配置，一如往常的配置；

接下来在HAL\_UART\_MspInit是对串口引脚和DMA的配置：

使能了UART2和GPIOA的时钟；

配置PA2和PA3为引脚复用；

配置DMA的TX和RX，这里添加了两行代码来设定DMA源地址和目标地址；

链接DMA句柄和UART2的DMA句柄；

设置串口中断函数的中断优先级；

开启UART的IDLE中断并使能串口；

清除串口的TC标志位，防止第一次接收数据产生错误；

分别使能DMARx/Tx的TC中断，并使能其对应的串口DMA中断使能位；

开启DMARx中断，并关闭DMATx中断；

uint8_t UART2_Tx_Buffer[TX_BUF_LEN];
    uint8_t UART2_Rx_Buffer[RX_BUF_LEN]; 
    
    void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
    {
      huart2.Instance = USART2;
      huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
      huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
      huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
      huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
      huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
      huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
      huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
      huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
      huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
      if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
      {
        Error_Handler();
      }
    }
    
    void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
    {
    
      GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {
        0};
      if(uartHandle->Instance==USART2)
      {
        /* USART2 clock enable */
        __HAL_RCC_USART2_CLK_ENABLE();
      
        __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
        /**USART2 GPIO Configuration    
        PA2     ------> USART2_TX
        PA3     ------> USART2_RX 
        */
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_USART2;
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    
        /* USART2 DMA Init */
        /* USART2_RX Init */
        hdma_usart2_rx.Instance = DMA1_Channel5;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Instance->CPAR = (uint32_t)(&(USART2->RDR));
        hdma_usart2_rx.Instance->CMAR = (uint32_t)UART2_Rx_Buffer;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
        hdma_usart2_rx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_HIGH;
        if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart2_rx) != HAL_OK)
        {
          Error_Handler();
        }
    
        __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart2_rx);
        
        /* USART2_TX Init */
        hdma_usart2_tx.Instance = DMA1_Channel4;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Instance->CPAR = (uint32_t)(&(USART2->TDR));
        hdma_usart2_tx.Instance->CMAR = (uint32_t)UART2_Tx_Buffer;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.Direction = DMA_MEMORY_TO_PERIPH;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_BYTE;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_BYTE;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.Mode = DMA_NORMAL;
        hdma_usart2_tx.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_VERY_HIGH;
        if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_usart2_tx) != HAL_OK)
        {
          Error_Handler();
        }
    
        __HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmatx,hdma_usart2_tx);
    
        /* USART2 interrupt Init */
        HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART2_IRQn, 1, 0);
        HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART2_IRQn);
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_MspInit 1 */
    
        __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(uartHandle, UART_IT_IDLE);
        __HAL_UART_ENABLE(uartHandle);
        
        __HAL_UART_CLEAR_FLAG(uartHandle, UART_CLEAR_TCF);
        __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(uartHandle, UART_CLEAR_TCF);
        
        __HAL_DMA_ENABLE_IT(&hdma_usart2_rx, DMA_IT_TC);
        SET_BIT(uartHandle->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);
        __HAL_DMA_DISABLE(&hdma_usart2_tx);
        
        __HAL_DMA_ENABLE_IT(&hdma_usart2_tx, DMA_IT_TC);
        SET_BIT(uartHandle->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAT);
        __HAL_DMA_ENABLE(&hdma_usart2_rx);
        
      /* USER CODE END USART2_MspInit 1 */
      }
    }

有一段代码很有意思：

这段代码将uartHandle.hdmarx与hdma\_usart2\_rx的句柄链接在一起，意味着两者可以在以后的配置和使用中是对等的，用哪个进行配置都可以；

__HAL_LINKDMA(uartHandle,hdmarx,hdma_usart2_rx);

重点：

由于HAL库中并没有包含对IDLE中断的回调处理函数，因此可以自己通过修改HAL库函数来实现IDLE回调函数；

首先在HAL\_UART\_IRQHandler中添加对IDLE回调函数的判断；

void HAL_UART_IRQHandler(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
    {
      uint32_t isrflags   = READ_REG(huart->Instance->ISR);
      uint32_t cr1its     = READ_REG(huart->Instance->CR1);
      uint32_t cr3its;
      uint32_t errorflags;
    
      /* If no error occurs */
      errorflags = (isrflags & (uint32_t)(USART_ISR_PE | USART_ISR_FE | USART_ISR_ORE | USART_ISR_NE));
      if (errorflags == RESET)
      {
        /* UART in mode Receiver ---------------------------------------------------*/
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_RXNE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != RESET))
        {
          UART_Receive_IT(huart);
          return;
        }
      }  
    
      /* If some errors occur */
      cr3its = READ_REG(huart->Instance->CR3);
      if(   (errorflags != RESET)
         && (   ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET)
             || ((cr1its & (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE)) != RESET)) )
      {
        /* UART parity error interrupt occurred -------------------------------------*/
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_PE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_PEIE) != RESET))
        {
          __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(huart, UART_CLEAR_PEF);
    
          huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_PE;
        }
    
        /* UART frame error interrupt occurred --------------------------------------*/
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_FE) != RESET) && ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET))
        {
          __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(huart, UART_CLEAR_FEF);
    
          huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_FE;
        }
    
        /* UART noise error interrupt occurred --------------------------------------*/
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_NE) != RESET) && ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET))
        {
          __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(huart, UART_CLEAR_NEF);
    
          huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_NE;
        }
        
        /* UART Over-Run interrupt occurred -----------------------------------------*/
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_ORE) != RESET) &&
           (((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != RESET) || ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET)))
        {
          __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(huart, UART_CLEAR_OREF);
    
          huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE;
        }
    
        /* Call UART Error Call back function if need be --------------------------*/
        if(huart->ErrorCode != HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE)
        {
          /* UART in mode Receiver ---------------------------------------------------*/
          if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_RXNE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != RESET))
          {
            UART_Receive_IT(huart);
          }
    
          /* If Overrun error occurs, or if any error occurs in DMA mode reception,
             consider error as blocking */
          if (((huart->ErrorCode & HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE) != RESET) ||
              (HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR)))
          {  
            /* Blocking error : transfer is aborted
               Set the UART state ready to be able to start again the process,
               Disable Rx Interrupts, and disable Rx DMA request, if ongoing */
            UART_EndRxTransfer(huart);
    
            /* Disable the UART DMA Rx request if enabled */
            if (HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR))
            {
              CLEAR_BIT(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);
    
              /* Abort the UART DMA Rx channel */
              if(huart->hdmarx != NULL)
              {
                /* Set the UART DMA Abort callback : 
                   will lead to call HAL_UART_ErrorCallback() at end of DMA abort procedure */
                huart->hdmarx->XferAbortCallback = UART_DMAAbortOnError;
    
                /* Abort DMA RX */
                if(HAL_DMA_Abort_IT(huart->hdmarx) != HAL_OK)
                {
                  /* Call Directly huart->hdmarx->XferAbortCallback function in case of error */
                  huart->hdmarx->XferAbortCallback(huart->hdmarx);
                }
              }
              else
              {
                /* Call user error callback */
                HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
              }
            }
            else
            {
              /* Call user error callback */
              HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
            }
          }
          else
          {
            /* Non Blocking error : transfer could go on. 
               Error is notified to user through user error callback */
            HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
            huart->ErrorCode = HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE;
          }
        }
        return;
    
      } /* End if some error occurs */
    
    #if !defined(STM32F030x6) && !defined(STM32F030x8)&& !defined(STM32F070xB)&& !defined(STM32F070x6)&& !defined(STM32F030xC)
      /* UART wakeup from Stop mode interrupt occurred ---------------------------*/
      if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_WUF) != RESET) && ((cr3its & USART_CR3_WUFIE) != RESET))
      {
        __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(huart, UART_CLEAR_WUF);
        /* Set the UART state ready to be able to start again the process */
        huart->gState  = HAL_UART_STATE_READY;
        huart->RxState = HAL_UART_STATE_READY;
        HAL_UARTEx_WakeupCallback(huart);
        return;
      }
    #endif /* !defined(STM32F030x6) && !defined(STM32F030x8)&& !defined(STM32F070xB)&& !defined(STM32F070x6)&& !defined(STM32F030xC) */
    
      /* UART in mode Transmitter ------------------------------------------------*/
      if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_TXE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_TXEIE) != RESET))
      {
        UART_Transmit_IT(huart);
        return;
      }
        
        if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_IDLE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_IDLEIE) != RESET)) { HAL_UART_IdleCpltCallback(huart); return; } 
      
      /* UART in mode Transmitter (transmission end) -----------------------------*/
      if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_TC) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_TCIE) != RESET))
      {
        UART_EndTransmit_IT(huart);
        return;
      }
    
    }

接下来在stm32f0xx\_hal\_uart.c的库代码中添加IDLE的回调函数HAL\_UART\_IdleCpltCallback()的定义；

__weak void HAL_UART_IdleCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
    {
      /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
      UNUSED(huart);
      /* NOTE: This function Should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
               the HAL_UART_TxCpltCallback could be implemented in the user file
       */
    }

最后别忘了在对应的stm32f0xx\_hal\_uart.h中添加对HAL\_UART\_IdleCpltCallback()的声明；

void HAL_UART_IdleCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart);

接下来看如何使用这个添加的IDLE回调函数：

在串口中断函数USART2\_IRQHandler中调用HAL\_UART\_IRQHandler(&huart2);以实现在IDLE中断标志位置位后调用HAL\_UART\_IdleCpltCallback回调函数；

然后串口传输完成中断TC的判断直接在串口中断函数中实现，而不引用相应的TC回调函数；

void HAL_UART_IdleCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
    {
        uint16_t len = 0;
        
        if((__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&huart2,UART_FLAG_IDLE) != RESET))
        { 
            __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);   
            
            __HAL_DMA_DISABLE(huart->hdmarx);
            
            len = RX_BUF_LEN - huart2.hdmarx->Instance->CNDTR;
    
            memcpy(User_UART2_Buffer, UART2_Rx_Buffer, len);
            
            huart2.hdmarx->Instance->CNDTR = RX_BUF_LEN;
            
            __HAL_DMA_ENABLE(huart->hdmarx);
            
            UART2_Length = len;
        }else
        {
            UART2_Length = 0;
        }
    }
    
    /**
      * @brief This function handles USART2 global interrupt / USART2 wake-up interrupt through EXTI line 26.
      */
    void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
    {
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_IRQn 0 */
        UART_ErrorFlag_Clear(&huart2);
      /* USER CODE END USART2_IRQn 0 */
      HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&huart2);
      /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_IRQn 1 */
        
        if(__HAL_UART_GET_IT(&huart2, UART_IT_TC) != RESET)
        {
            __HAL_UART_CLEAR_IT(&huart2, UART_IT_TC);
            
            __HAL_UART_DISABLE_IT(&huart2, UART_IT_TC);
            
            Tx2_Complete_Flag = 0;
        }
      /* USER CODE END USART2_IRQn 1 */
    }

这里大致讲解一下DMA传输的流程：

当F072接收到一串数据后，进入串口中断函数，清除IDLE中断标志位，关闭串口DMA接收rx，获取接收到的数据len，将接收到的数据UART2\_Rx\_Buffer拷贝到缓冲User\_UART2\_Buffer中，重新设置串口DMA接收长度，开启串口DMA接收，将接收到的数据长度赋值给UART2\_Length，如果没有接收到数据，就将UART2\_Length赋值为0；

接下来在main中判断，若接收到数据UART2\_Length不为0，同时Tx2\_Complete\_Flag为0表示此时串口Tx传输空闲，就执行传输命令；

while (1)
      {
        if(UART2_Length && Tx2_Complete_Flag == 0)
        {
            DMA_Tx2_Data(User_UART2_Buffer, UART2_Length);
            UART2_Length = 0;
        }
      }

将接收到的数据User\_UART2\_Buffer和传送给UART2\_Tx\_Buffer，同时置位Tx2\_Complete\_Flag标志表示此时开始传输，同时重新设置串口DMATX的传输数据长度，然后开启串口DMA的传输；

void DMA_Tx2_Data(uint8_t *data, uint16_t size)
    {
        while(Tx2_Complete_Flag);
        
        Tx2_Complete_Flag = 1;
        
        memcpy(UART2_Tx_Buffer, data, size);
        
        huart2.hdmatx->Instance->CNDTR = TX_BUF_LEN;
        
        __HAL_DMA_ENABLE(&hdma_usart2_tx);
    }

当DMA传输完成后，触发DMA的TC中断标志进入DMA中断函数，清除DMA通道的TC中断标志位，关闭DMATX通道，置位Tx2\_Complete\_Flag标志表示传输开始，同时开启串口TC中断；

void DMA1_Channel4_5_6_7_IRQHandler(void)
    {
        if(__HAL_DMA_GET_FLAG(&hdma_usart2_tx, DMA_FLAG_TC4) != RESET)
        {
            __HAL_DMA_CLEAR_FLAG(&hdma_usart2_tx, DMA_FLAG_TC4);
            __HAL_DMA_DISABLE(&hdma_usart2_tx);
            Tx2_Complete_Flag = 1;
            __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart2, UART_IT_TC);
        }
    }

当串口UART传输完成后，接下来在串口中断函数中检测到串口TC传输完成标志置位，清除TC标志，同时关闭串口TC中断，置位Tx2\_Complete\_Flag标志为0，表示此时串口接收空闲；

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lpfdezh/p/11213174.html