Linux上安装MySQL

左手的ㄟ右手 2021-11-09 02:10 461阅读 0赞

## 1.1. **准备工作** ##

Linux 使用的版本是centos 7,为方便起见，先把防火墙关闭，配置好网络，在安装部分，会分成两部分讲，首先讲单实例安装，也就是一台服务器上就装一个mysql，接下来就多实例安装，在一个服务器上安装2个甚至多个mysql.

## 1.2. **单实例安装** ##

cp /soft/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64.tar.gz  /usr/local/

解压mysql到/usr/local目录

解压：

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64.tar.gz

安装需要的依赖

yum install -y libaio

具体安装

shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> mkdir mysql-files

shell> chmod 770 mysql-files

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql     \# MySQL 5.7.6 and up

shell> bin/mysql\_ssl\_rsa\_setup              \# MySQL 5.7.6 and up

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files

shell> bin/mysqld\_safe --user=mysql &

\# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

配置环境变量：

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

配置开启启动

chkconfig mysql.server on

chkconfig --list

登陆，修改密码

set password = 'root1234%';

允许远程登陆

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON \*.\* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%'

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON \*.\* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%' WITH GRANT  OPTION;

flush privileges;

启动的时候可能会报错

![1540950-20190616234538133-1578996117.png][]

这是因为mysql启动的时候需要配置文件，而在安装centos的时候，哪怕是mini版本都会有个默认的配置在/etc目录中

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 'Default options'

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:

/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

Mysql启动的时候会以上面所述的顺序加载配置文件

如果报错，先重命名my.cnf文件

## 1.3. **多实例安装** ##

以前一些很low的方法是，解压两个mysql，分别放到不同文件夹，其实在mysql中已经考虑到了多实例安装的情况。也有相应的脚本命令的支持。

现在要求装两个mysql 一个3307，3308

新建 /etc/my.cnf 配置如下

\[mysqld\]

sql\_mode = "STRICT\_TRANS\_TABLES,NO\_ENGINE\_SUBSTITUTION,NO\_ZERO\_DATE,NO\_ZERO\_IN\_DATE,ERROR\_FOR\_DIVISION\_BY\_ZERO,NO\_AUTO\_CREATE\_USER"

\[mysqld\_multi\]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld\_safe

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

log = /var/log/mysqld\_multi.log

\[mysqld1\]

server-id = 11

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1

port = 3307

datadir = /data1

user = mysql

performance\_schema = off

innodb\_buffer\_pool\_size = 32M

skip\_name\_resolve = 1

log\_error = error.log

pid-file = /data1/mysql.pid1

\[mysqld2\]

server-id = 12

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2

port = 3308

datadir = /data2

user = mysql

performance\_schema = off

innodb\_buffer\_pool\_size = 32M

skip\_name\_resolve = 1

log\_error = error.log

pid-file = /data2/mysql.pid2

创建2个数据目录

mkdir /data1

mkdir /data2

chown mysql.mysql /data\{1..2\}

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data1

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data2

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld\_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld\_multid

配置开机启动

chkconfig mysqld\_multid on

查看状态

mysqld\_multi report

![1540950-20190616234605566-1324373971.png][]

这个时候发现还需要perl的环境，安装

yum -y install perl perl-devel

在运行，发现已经有实例了

mysqld\_multi report

![1540950-20190616234616976-79573448.png][]

mysqld\_multi start

启动，分别修改密码，允许远程连接

mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 -p -P3307

mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock2 -p -P3308

set password = 'root1234%';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON \*.\* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%';

flush privileges;

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Soy-technology/p/11037458.html

[1540950-20190616234538133-1578996117.png]: /images/20211109/c42544b4958349f08ea87b7775758caf.png
[1540950-20190616234605566-1324373971.png]: /images/20211109/1be7433f0e2a427e94225fbe663288be.png
[1540950-20190616234616976-79573448.png]: /images/20211109/ccc0219996b64f0b922b3959fa0cd815.png