SVN的下载安装及配置环境变量

ゝ一纸荒年。 2021-10-18 16:44 759阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  简介
 *  使用
 *  SVN特点
 *   *   *  特性
         *  工作原理
 *  安装
 *   *   *  1、安装subversion服务器端
         *  2、创建SVN资源库目录
         *  3、生成SVN资源目录
         *  4、开启3690端口
         *  5、使用命令svnserve启动服务
         *  6、用户密码passwd配置
         *   *   *  1、文件都在svn的conf/目录下
                 *  2、修改passwd
                 *  3、权限控制authz配置
         *  7、修改svnserve.conf配置选项
         *  8、进行远程连接
         *  9、访问SVN

# 简介 #

**SVN**是subversion的缩写，是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统，通过采用分支管理系统的高效管理，简而言之就是用于多个人共同开发同一个项目，实现共享资源，实现最终集中式的管理。  
Apache Subversion 通常被缩写成 SVN，是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统，Subversion 在 2000 年由 CollabNet Inc 开发，现在发展成为 Apache 软件基金会的一个项目，同样是一个丰富的开发者和用户社区的一部分。  
SVN相对于的RCS、CVS，采用了分支管理系统，它的设计目标就是取代CVS。互联网上免费的版本控制服务多基于Subversion

# 使用 #

这篇博客只是简单地介绍了SVN的安装及环境变量的配置，详细的使用方法，可以参考：  
[https://www.runoob.com/svn/svn-tutorial.html][https_www.runoob.com_svn_svn-tutorial.html]

# SVN特点 #

### 特性 ###

*  跨平台
 *  简单、易用

### 工作原理 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20190812203058488.png]

*  中央仓库（Respository） : SVN服务器上文件的保存位置
 *  工作空间（Workspace） : 操作者下载到本地的文件的位置

# 安装 #

前提：**这里利用yum安装 , 安装之前还是要查看是否已经安装，我们这里用阿里云远程服务器测试**

### 1、安装subversion服务器端 ###

yum -y install subversion
        
        # 一会就安装好了,等待安装完成即可(信息如下)

[root@iZuf69s5ga2219syf1pqgpZ ~]# yum -y install subversion
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    base                                                                   | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
    epel                                                                   | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
    extras                                                                 | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
    updates                                                                | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
    (1/7): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                          | 166 kB  00:00:00     
    (2/7): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                            |  88 kB  00:00:00     
    (3/7): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                          | 949 kB  00:00:00     
    (4/7): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                          | 6.6 MB  00:00:00     
    (5/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                      | 156 kB  00:00:00     
    (6/7): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                        | 6.0 MB  00:00:00     
    (7/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                     | 1.3 MB  00:00:00     
    Determining fastest mirrors
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package subversion.x86_64 0:1.7.14-14.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: subversion-libs(x86-64) = 1.7.14-14.el7 for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_wc-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_subr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_repos-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_svn-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_neon-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_local-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_util-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_fs-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_base-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_diff-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_delta-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libsvn_client-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libneon.so.27()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1 will be installed
    ---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package neon.x86_64 0:0.30.0-3.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28(GNUTLS_2_12)(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28(GNUTLS_1_4)(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libproxy.so.1()(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libpakchois.so.0()(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28()(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
    ---> Package subversion-libs.x86_64 0:1.7.14-14.el7 will be installed
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package gnutls.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: trousers >= 0.3.11.2 for package: gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libnettle.so.4()(64bit) for package: gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libhogweed.so.2()(64bit) for package: gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64
    ---> Package libproxy.x86_64 0:0.4.11-11.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: libmodman.so.1()(64bit) for package: libproxy-0.4.11-11.el7.x86_64
    ---> Package pakchois.x86_64 0:0.4-10.el7 will be installed
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package libmodman.x86_64 0:2.0.1-8.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-8.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package trousers.x86_64 0:0.3.14-2.el7 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    ==============================================================================================
     Package                   Arch             Version                      Repository      Size
    ==============================================================================================
    Installing:
     subversion                x86_64           1.7.14-14.el7                base           1.0 M
    Installing for dependencies:
     apr                       x86_64           1.4.8-3.el7_4.1              base           103 k
     apr-util                  x86_64           1.5.2-6.el7                  base            92 k
     gnutls                    x86_64           3.3.29-8.el7                 base           680 k
     libmodman                 x86_64           2.0.1-8.el7                  base            28 k
     libproxy                  x86_64           0.4.11-11.el7                base            64 k
     neon                      x86_64           0.30.0-3.el7                 base           165 k
     nettle                    x86_64           2.7.1-8.el7                  base           327 k
     pakchois                  x86_64           0.4-10.el7                   base            14 k
     subversion-libs           x86_64           1.7.14-14.el7                base           922 k
     trousers                  x86_64           0.3.14-2.el7                 base           289 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    ==============================================================================================
    Install  1 Package (+10 Dependent packages)
    
    Total download size: 3.6 M
    Installed size: 12 M
    Downloading packages:
    (1/11): apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64.rpm                                |  92 kB  00:00:00     
    (2/11): apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64.rpm                                 | 103 kB  00:00:00     
    (3/11): libmodman-2.0.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                               |  28 kB  00:00:00     
    (4/11): libproxy-0.4.11-11.el7.x86_64.rpm                              |  64 kB  00:00:00     
    (5/11): gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                                 | 680 kB  00:00:00     
    (6/11): neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                   | 165 kB  00:00:00     
    (7/11): nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm                                  | 327 kB  00:00:00     
    (8/11): pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm                                 |  14 kB  00:00:00     
    (9/11): subversion-libs-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64.rpm                       | 922 kB  00:00:00     
    (10/11): trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64.rpm                              | 289 kB  00:00:00     
    (11/11): subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64.rpm                           | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total                                                          12 MB/s | 3.6 MB  00:00:00     
    Running transaction check
    Running transaction test
    Transaction test succeeded
    Running transaction
      Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                                1/11 
      Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                               2/11 
      Installing : pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64                                                3/11 
      Installing : nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64                                                 4/11 
      Installing : libmodman-2.0.1-8.el7.x86_64                                              5/11 
      Installing : libproxy-0.4.11-11.el7.x86_64                                             6/11 
      Installing : trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64                                              7/11 
      Installing : gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64                                                8/11 
      Installing : neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64                                                  9/11 
      Installing : subversion-libs-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64                                     10/11 
      Installing : subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64                                          11/11 
      Verifying  : trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64                                              1/11 
      Verifying  : libmodman-2.0.1-8.el7.x86_64                                              2/11 
      Verifying  : neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64                                                  3/11 
      Verifying  : subversion-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64                                           4/11 
      Verifying  : subversion-libs-1.7.14-14.el7.x86_64                                      5/11 
      Verifying  : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                               6/11 
      Verifying  : nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64                                                 7/11 
      Verifying  : gnutls-3.3.29-8.el7.x86_64                                                8/11 
      Verifying  : pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64                                                9/11 
      Verifying  : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                               10/11 
      Verifying  : libproxy-0.4.11-11.el7.x86_64                                            11/11 
    
    Installed:
      subversion.x86_64 0:1.7.14-14.el7                                                           
    
    Dependency Installed:
      apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1                      apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7            
      gnutls.x86_64 0:3.3.29-8.el7                      libmodman.x86_64 0:2.0.1-8.el7           
      libproxy.x86_64 0:0.4.11-11.el7                   neon.x86_64 0:0.30.0-3.el7               
      nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-8.el7                       pakchois.x86_64 0:0.4-10.el7             
      subversion-libs.x86_64 0:1.7.14-14.el7            trousers.x86_64 0:0.3.14-2.el7           
    
    Complete!
    [root@iZuf69s5ga2219syf1pqgpZ ~]# svn --version
    svn, version 1.7.14 (r1542130)
       compiled Apr 11 2018, 02:40:28
    
    Copyright (C) 2013 The Apache Software Foundation.
    This software consists of contributions made by many people; see the NOTICE
    file for more information.
    Subversion is open source software, see http://subversion.apache.org/
    
    The following repository access (RA) modules are available:
    
    * ra_neon : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV protocol using Neon.
      - handles 'http' scheme
      - handles 'https' scheme
    * ra_svn : Module for accessing a repository using the svn network protocol.
      - with Cyrus SASL authentication
      - handles 'svn' scheme
    * ra_local : Module for accessing a repository on local disk.
      - handles 'file' scheme

### 2、创建SVN资源库目录 ###

mkdir /opt/svn

### 3、生成SVN资源目录 ###

svnadmin create /opt/svn/kuangshen

出现以下文件,说明已经建立OK  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190812234116653.png]

### 4、开启3690端口 ###

# 查看防火墙状态
    firewall-cmd --state
    
    # 开启防火墙
    systemctl start firewalld.service
    
    # 开启3690端口
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3690/tcp --permanent
    
    # 重启防火墙
    systemctl restart firewalld.service
    
    # 输入命令重新载入配置
    firewall-cmd --reload
    
    # 查看开启的端口列表
    firewall-cmd --permanent --list-port

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 5、使用命令svnserve启动服务 ###

# 查看是否启动svn服务
    ps -ef|grep svn
    # 使用命令svnserve启动服务
    svnserve -d -r /opt/svn  --listen-port=3690

![在这里插入图片描述][20190812234214360.png]

### 6、用户密码passwd配置 ###

##### 1、文件都在svn的conf/目录下 #####

![在这里插入图片描述][20190812234230980.png]

##### 2、修改passwd #####

[users]
        # harry = harryssecret
        # sally = sallyssecret
        admin = 123456
        guest = 000000

**用户名=密码**

这样我们就建立了两个用户

以上语句都必须顶格写，左侧不能留空格，否则会出错.

![在这里插入图片描述][20190812234324210.png]

##### 3、权限控制authz配置 #####

vi  authz

设置哪些用户可以访问哪些目录，向authz文件追加以下内容：

\#设置\[/\]代表根目录下所有的资源 , 或者写成\[kuangshen:/\]

[groups]
        # harry_and_sally = harry,sally
        # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
        
        # [/foo/bar]
        # harry = rw
        # &joe = r
        # * =
        admin=user1
        guest=user2
        [kuangshen:/]
        @admin=rw
        user2=r

以上语句都必须顶格写, 左侧不能留空格, 否则会出错.

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

### 7、修改svnserve.conf配置选项 ###

vim svnserve.conf

追加以下内容：

[general]
    #匿名访问的权限，可以是read,write,none,默认为read
    anon-access=none
    #使授权用户有写权限 
    auth-access=write
    #密码数据库的路径 
    password-db=passwd
    #访问控制文件 
    authz-db=authz
    #认证命名空间，subversion会在认证提示里显示，并且作为凭证缓存的关键字 
    realm= repo

以上语句都必须顶格写, 左侧不能留空格，否则会出错.

### 8、进行远程连接 ###

window安装TortoiseSVN，这个下载后直接安装即可

### 9、访问SVN ###

svn://ip地址

端口默认为3690，输入配置好的用户名和密码即可。  
**注意**： svn://ip地址/库名，使用svnserve -d -r /opt/svn 以多库svnserve方式启动SVN

我们这里使用 svn://ip地址/库名 连接

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
输入用户名和密码 , 就可以连接成功了!

[https_www.runoob.com_svn_svn-tutorial.html]: https://www.runoob.com/svn/svn-tutorial.html
[20190812203058488.png]: /images/20211018/5807bcb7c6b54338b9025efcc7e9e1d8.png
[20190812234116653.png]: /images/20211018/6f6db9b5403a48bebb37bb605409ac32.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20211018/dc93a0ed77864ac082ce9c93e7ada38a.png
[20190812234214360.png]: /images/20211018/ad16644470b743afbccfc6499ffc2554.png
[20190812234230980.png]: /images/20211018/e95807877c8d41eda2849ef3bef6b72b.png
[20190812234324210.png]: /images/20211018/6d74f885fadd41fa9c4782f4dcb93909.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20211018/280e616e7d454aee84b3f79b4603bf6d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxMTUxNjU5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20211018/530cee84a3574be4a779c4436c1d5f94.png