Java通过http协议发送Get和Post请求

偏执的太偏执、 2021-09-29 04:18 464阅读 0赞

# Java通过http协议发送Get和Post请求 #

本文是基于Windows 10系统环境，利用MyEclipse构建一个java项目，并通过http协议发送Get和Post请求

*  **Windows 10**
 *  **MyEclipse**

--------------------

## 一、准备工作 ##

### (1) 下载需要用的工具jar包 ###

[commons-beanutils-1.9.3.jar][]  
[commons-collections-3.2.1.jar][]  
[commons-lang-2.6.jar][]  
[commons-logging-1.2.jar][]  
[ezmorph-1.0.6.jar][]  
[httpclient-4.5.2.jar][]  
[httpcore-4.4.10.jar][]  
[json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar][]

## 二、Post请求方式 ##

### (1) 将数据封装为json格式，然后再发送 ###

/** * */
    package com.inspur;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    
    /** * ClassName: contect_flask * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION * @author: xuzheng * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00 */
    public class contect_flask { 
     
    	/** * @param args */
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject();
    		JSONObject jsonObject2 = new JSONObject();
    		jsonObject2.put("deviceID", "110");
    		jsonObject2.put("state", "0");
    		jsonObject2.put("channel", "channel");
    		jsonObject1.put("item", jsonObject2);
    		jsonObject1.put("requestCommand", "control");
    		String result = contect_flask.post(jsonObject1, "http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");
    
    		System.out.println(result);
    		
    	}
    	
    	public static String post(JSONObject json, String url){ 
    		String result = "";
    		HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
    		try{ 
    			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            
    			post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
    			post.addHeader("Authorization", "Basic YWRtaW46");
    			StringEntity postingString = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"utf-8");
    			post.setEntity(postingString);
    			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
    			
    			InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();
    			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
    			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
    			String line = null;
    			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){ 
    				strber.append(line+'\n');
    			}
    			br.close();
    			in.close();
    			result = strber.toString();
    			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){ 
    				result = "服务器异常";
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e){ 
    			System.out.println("请求异常");
    			throw new RuntimeException(e);
    		} finally{ 
    			post.abort();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    }

## 三、Get请求方式 ##

### (1) 无参数的Get请求方式 ###

/** * */
    package com.inspur;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    
    /** * ClassName: contect_flask * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION * @author: xuzheng * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00 */
    public class contect_flask { 
     
    	/** * @param args */
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		String result = contect_flask.get("http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");
    		
    		System.out.println(result);
    	}
    	
    	public static String get(String url){ 
    		String result = "";
    		HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
    		try{ 
    			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    			
    			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
    			result = getHttpEntityContent(response);
    			
    			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){ 
    				result = "服务器异常";
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e){ 
    			System.out.println("请求异常");
    			throw new RuntimeException(e);
    		} finally{ 
    			get.abort();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    	
    	public static String getHttpEntityContent(HttpResponse response) throws UnsupportedOperationException, IOException{ 
    		String result = "";
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if(entity != null){ 
    			InputStream in = entity.getContent();
    			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
    			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
    			String line = null;
    			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){ 
    				strber.append(line+'\n');
    			}
    			br.close();
    			in.close();
    			result = strber.toString();
    		}
    		
    		return result;
    		
    	}
    
    }

### (2) 有参数的Get请求方式 ###

/** * */
    package com.inspur;
    
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    
    /** * ClassName: contect_flask * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION * @author: xuzheng * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00 */
    public class contect_flask { 
     
    	/** * @param args */
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    		map.put("name",	"root");
    		map.put("password", "123456");
    		String result = contect_flask.get(map, "http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");
    		
    		System.out.println(result);
    		
    	}
    	
    	public static String get(Map<String, String> paramMap, String url){ 
    		String result = "";
    		HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
    		try{ 
    			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    			List<NameValuePair> params = setHttpParams(paramMap);
    			String param = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "UTF-8");
    			get.setURI(URI.create(url + "?" + param));
    			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
    			result = getHttpEntityContent(response);
    			
    			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){ 
    				result = "服务器异常";
    			}
    		} catch (Exception e){ 
    			System.out.println("请求异常");
    			throw new RuntimeException(e);
    		} finally{ 
    			get.abort();
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    	
    	public static List<NameValuePair> setHttpParams(Map<String, String> paramMap){ 
    		List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
    		Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> set = paramMap.entrySet();
    		for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : set){ 
    			params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
    		}
    		return params;
    	}
    	
    	public static String getHttpEntityContent(HttpResponse response) throws UnsupportedOperationException, IOException{ 
    		String result = "";
    		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    		if(entity != null){ 
    			InputStream in = entity.getContent();
    			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
    			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
    			String line = null;
    			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){ 
    				strber.append(line+'\n');
    			}
    			br.close();
    			in.close();
    			result = strber.toString();
    		}
    		
    		return result;	
    	}
    }

--------------------

[commons-beanutils-1.9.3.jar]: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-beanutils/download_beanutils.cgi
[commons-collections-3.2.1.jar]: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-collections/download_collections.cgi
[commons-lang-2.6.jar]: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-lang/download_lang.cgi
[commons-logging-1.2.jar]: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-logging/download_logging.cgi
[ezmorph-1.0.6.jar]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.ezmorph/ezmorph/1.0.6
[httpclient-4.5.2.jar]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient
[httpcore-4.4.10.jar]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore
[json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.json-lib/json-lib