Eclipse上Maven环境配置使用 (全)

以你之姓@ 2021-09-26 13:10 324阅读 0赞

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1. 安装配置Maven：  
　　1.1 从Apache网站 [http://maven.apache.org/][http_maven.apache.org] 下载并且解压缩安装Apache Maven。  
　　　　Maven下载地址: [http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi][http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]  
　　1.2 配置 Maven 的conf文件夹中配置文件settings.xml。

![ContractedBlock.gif][]  settings.xml

1.3 修改settings.xml，添加镜像服务器设置：  
    　　使用阿里云提供的Maven镜像服务器。  
    　　阿里云镜像服务器URL: [http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/][http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus_content_groups_public]  
  
2. Eclipse中Maven的配置：

<table style="border:1px solid silver; width:1656.36px; border-collapse:collapse; word-break:break-word; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; background:none!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; font-family:Consolas,&quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&quot;,&quot;Courier New&quot;,Courier,monospace!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
 <tbody style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; background:none!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
  <tr style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; background:none!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
   <td style="padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0px!important; background:none!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:35px!important; font-family:Consolas,&quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&quot;,&quot;Courier New&quot;,Courier,monospace!important; min-height:auto!important; color:rgb(175,175,175)!important"> 
    <div style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.5em!important; background:none rgb(244,244,244)!important; border-width:0px 2px 0px 0px!important; border-top-style:initial!important; border-right-style:solid!important; border-bottom-style:initial!important; border-left-style:initial!important; border-top-color:initial!important; border-right-color:rgb(108,226,108)!important; border-bottom-color:initial!important; border-left-color:initial!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; text-align:right!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important; white-space:nowrap!important">
      1 
    </div> </td> 
   <td style="padding:3px; border:1px solid silver; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0px!important; background:none!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,&quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&quot;,&quot;Courier New&quot;,Courier,monospace!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
    <div style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; background:none!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:relative!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important"> 
     <div style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px 1em!important; background:none rgb(244,244,244)!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; background:none!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,&quot;Bitstream Vera Sans Mono&quot;,&quot;Courier New&quot;,Courier,monospace!important; font-size:12px!important; min-height:auto!important">说明：最新版的Eclipse已经内嵌了Mevne插件m2e, 不需要安装Maven插件, 如果不做任何配置,&lt;br&gt;会自动连接使用maven中央库自然可以使用,但是中央库在国外, 受到中国防火墙等因素影&lt;br&gt;响其访问速度很慢, 只有连接到国内镜像库才能提高Maven运行速度. &lt;br&gt;连接到国内镜像库按照如下配置.</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
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2.1 打开Eclipse的首选项设置  
    ![779593-20170122212514191-975198381.png][]  
    2.2 找到Maven的配置项目  
    ![779593-20170122212529238-770273664.png][]  
    2.3 设置Maven的全局配置文件settings.xml  
    ![779593-20170122212540144-1773906604.png][]  
    说明：Eclipse会自动的使用 settings.xml 文件中包含镜像库的URL地址信息, 找到Maven镜像库位置.  
    2.4 更新配置信息  
    ![779593-20170122212553785-1572459575.png][]  
    2.5 找到Window菜单  
    ![779593-20170122212604113-390786644.png][]  
    2.6 开启Maven的视图, 检查是否已经配置了镜像库  
    ![779593-20170122212702363-1053867551.png][]  
      
Maven 的使用，创建Maven 桌面项目  
        1.1 选择菜单创建Maven项目  
        ![779593-20170122212749785-1933895243.png][]  
        1.2 选择项目目录结构的骨架  
        ![779593-20170122212759316-1201643646.png][]  
        1.3 输入项目相关信息  
        ![779593-20170122212809879-1697753370.png][]  
        1.4 Maven jar项目的目录结构  
        ![779593-20170122212822723-946978278.png][]  
　　　　备注：因为这个步骤必须连接到Maven服务器获取相关信息, 如果配置和网络有故障则这个步骤就会出现错误!  
　　　　　　　如果出现错误请使用浏览器检测是否能够访问Maven服务器的URL.  
    2. 创建Maven Web项目  
        2.1 选择菜单创建Maven项目  
        ![779593-20170122212859379-30782784.png][]  
        2.2 选择项目目录结构的骨架  
        ![779593-20170122212911051-1168421125.png][]  
        2.3 输入项目相关信息  
        ![779593-20170122212924207-31656646.png][]  
        2.4 Maven war项目的目录结构  
        ![779593-20170122212939723-1375051602.png][]  
　　　　备注：因为这个步骤必须连接到Maven服务器获取相关信息, 如果配置和网络有故障则这个步骤就会出现错误!  
　　　　　　　如果出现错误请使用浏览器检测是否能够访问Maven服务器的URL.  
        2.5 创建Web部署描述文件web.xml消除检测错误  
        ![779593-20170122212957801-1584681062.png][]  
在Eclipse中搜索添加Jar组件"坐标"  
    Eclipse与Maven配合提供了强大的jar组件集成功能.   
    1.1 更新Maven库的索引文件  
         说明：Mavne索引用于搜索jar组件"坐标", 更新索引以后就可以在Eclipse中搜索jar组件"坐标", 但这个功能不是必须的  
        ![779593-20170122213029410-1649813429.png][]  
        注意：如果更换过Eclipse工作空间, 就需要再次更新Maven索引;  
    1.2 打开Maven项目中的pom.xml文件  
        ![779593-20170122213047785-2025887933.png][]  
    1.3 搜索需要jar组件包"坐标"  
        ![779593-20170122213059801-1381238351.png][]  
        说明：这个搜索功能是利用 1.1步骤更新Maven库的索引文件 的索引完成, 如果没有更新过索引, 这个功能失效!!   
    1.4 搜索结果就是在pom.xml文件中"坐标", 保存pom.xml时候会自动下载jar组件  
        ![779593-20170122213113957-1934788641.png][]  
        备注：这个搜索功能是利用 Maven 仓库服务器完成的, 如果不能连接到Maven仓库服务器, 这是会发生错误!!   
        注意：由于版权的问题, 无法在公共Maven服务器上下载Oracle JDBC Driver  
    1.5 使用Maven下载的jar组件. 组件保存在本地仓库".m2"文件夹中  
        ![779593-20170122213128519-403514557.png][]  
    1.6 如果出现下载故障, 可以在检查Maven仓库正常联通后, 再删除本地仓库".m2"以后"更新Maven 项目"  
        ![779593-20170122213203894-267231288.png][]  
在线搜索添加Jar组件"坐标"  
    阿里云jar组件"坐标"搜索: [http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/][http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus]  
    1.1 阿里云jar组件"坐标"搜索  
    ![779593-20170122213505769-425479961.png][]  
    1.2 搜索结果很多, 选择需要的组件版本, 找到组件"坐标"  
    ![779593-20170122213523457-1799675195.png][]  
    1.3 将找到组件"坐标" 复制到pom.xml文件中, 保存pom.xml文件时候自动下载jar组件.  
    ![779593-20170122213608926-1617598535.png][]  
    1.4 下载jar组件自动保存在本地库 ".m2" 文件夹.  
    ![779593-20170122213634676-545684539.png][]

[http_maven.apache.org]: http://maven.apache.org/
[http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
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[http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus_content_groups_public]: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/
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[779593-20170122213029410-1649813429.png]: /images/20210923/f8670ecc2100416d954ca5b0bd9acf65.png
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[779593-20170122213203894-267231288.png]: /images/20210923/427dde42a742427a822ec34f4d44a574.png
[http_maven.aliyun.com_nexus]: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/
[779593-20170122213505769-425479961.png]: /images/20210923/2a785c4984884f1b8409121be9f56806.png
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