Django_使用django自带的user做外键

墨蓝 2021-09-24 13:08 416阅读 0赞

### 一、使用django自带的user做外键，可以直接在model中使用。只需导入settings模块 ###

使用方法：  
在app应用（此处是Product应用）中的models.py文件，导入settings模块

# Product / models.py
    from django.db import models
    from django.contrib.auth import settings
    
    
    class Product(models.Model):
        productName = models.CharField('产品名称', max_length=20)
        productDescription = models.CharField('产品描述', max_length=100)
        producer = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, verbose_name='负责人',                          on_delete=models.SET_NULL,blank=True, null=True)
        createTime = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now=True)
    
        class Meta:
            verbose_name = '产品管理'
            verbose_name_plural = '产品管理'
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.productName

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODg1MTk3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 二、自定义User Model ###

方法一、扩展AbstractUser类：只增加字段

app/models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
    from django.db import models
    
    class NewUser(AbstractUser):
    	new_field = models.CharField(max_length=100)

同时，需要在global\_settings文件中设置：

AUTH_USER_MODEL  = "app.NewUser"

方法二、扩展AbstractBaseUser类  
AbstractBaseUser中只包含3个field: password, last\_login和is\_active. 扩展方式同上

# django.contrib.auth.base_user
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
        password = models.CharField(_('password'), max_length=128)
        last_login = models.DateTimeField(_('last login'), blank=True, null=True)
    
        is_active = True
    
        REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
    
        # Stores the raw password if set_password() is called so that it can
        # be passed to password_changed() after the model is saved.
        _password = None
    
        class Meta:
            abstract = True
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.get_username()
    
        def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
            super().save(*args, **kwargs)
            if self._password is not None:
                password_validation.password_changed(self._password, self)
                self._password = None
    
        def get_username(self):
            """Return the username for this User."""
            return getattr(self, self.USERNAME_FIELD)
    
        def clean(self):
            setattr(self, self.USERNAME_FIELD, self.normalize_username(self.get_username()))
    
        def natural_key(self):
            return (self.get_username(),)
    
        @property
        def is_anonymous(self):
            """ Always return False. This is a way of comparing User objects to anonymous users. """
            return False
    
        @property
        def is_authenticated(self):
            """ Always return True. This is a way to tell if the user has been authenticated in templates. """
            return True
    
        def set_password(self, raw_password):
            self.password = make_password(raw_password)
            self._password = raw_password
    
        def check_password(self, raw_password):
            """ Return a boolean of whether the raw_password was correct. Handles hashing formats behind the scenes. """
            def setter(raw_password):
                self.set_password(raw_password)
                # Password hash upgrades shouldn't be considered password changes.
                self._password = None
                self.save(update_fields=["password"])
            return check_password(raw_password, self.password, setter)
    
        def set_unusable_password(self):
            # Set a value that will never be a valid hash
            self.password = make_password(None)
    
        def has_usable_password(self):
            """ Return False if set_unusable_password() has been called for this user. """
            return is_password_usable(self.password)
    
        def get_session_auth_hash(self):
            """ Return an HMAC of the password field. """
            key_salt = "django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractBaseUser.get_session_auth_hash"
            return salted_hmac(key_salt, self.password).hexdigest()
    
        @classmethod
        def get_email_field_name(cls):
            try:
                return cls.EMAIL_FIELD
            except AttributeError:
                return 'email'
    
        @classmethod
        def normalize_username(cls, username):
            return unicodedata.normalize('NFKC', username) if isinstance(username, str) else username

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl8zODg1MTk3MA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20210923/6a7e7215ddab4be796d012991e5c5d97.png