FileHandler文件处理

冷不防 2021-09-17 12:22 299阅读 0赞

FileHandler文件处理，实行文件从临时目录保存到正式目录、生成图片对象的缩略图、获取文件信息等功能。

实例：实现用户头像图片的保存，并生成对象的缩略图。

**1、 创建filehandler.xml文件**

在Config目录下创建filehandler.xml文件

**2、 创建FileHandler.cs**

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Xml;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Drawing.Imaging;
    using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
    
    namespace MyStudy.Utility
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 缩略图类型枚举
        /// </summary>
        public enum AbbrType
        {
            None,
            Default,
            Product,    //商品
            UserHead    //用户头像
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 类略图后缀名
        /// </summary>
        public enum AbbrName
        {
            _none,
            _abbr,
            _pdz,
            _pdl,
            _uhs,    //用户头像小图
            _uhm,    //用户头像中图
            _uhb,    //用户头像大图
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 文件目录类型枚举(对应FileHandler DirectoryMappings)
        /// </summary>
        public enum FileHandlerDirectoryType
        {
            Xml,
            Images,
            Temp
        }
    
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 文件目录信息类（对应FileHandler DirectoryMappings 的节点属性）
        /// </summary>
        public class FileHandlerDirectoryInfo
        {
            public string Name { set; get; }
            public string Path { set; get; }
            public string WritePath { set; get; }
            public string Url { set; get; }
        }
        
        /// <summary>
        /// 文件处理类
        /// </summary>
        public class FileHandler
        {
            private static XmlDocument fileHandlerXmlDoc = null;    //FileHandler.xml文件节点
    
            static FileHandler()
            {
                if (fileHandlerXmlDoc == null || fileHandlerXmlDoc.InnerText == "")
                {
                    fileHandlerXmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
                    fileHandlerXmlDoc.Load(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + @"\Config\FileHandler.xml");
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 将临时文件转移到正式目录，并返回文件名
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
            /// <param name="directoryType">类型</param>
            /// <param name="channel">子频道</param>
            /// <param name="haveAbbr">缩略图</param>
            /// <returns>文件名,如201204/01/xxxx.gif</returns>
            public string SaveAsFormalFile(string fileName, FileHandlerDirectoryType directoryType, string channel, AbbrType abbrType)
            {
                if ((fileName == "") || (fileName == null))
                {
                    throw new Exception("文件名不能为空！");
                }
                fileName = fileName.Replace("_.", ".");
                string dateDirectory = GetDateDirectory();
    
                try
                {
                    //获取临时文件
                    FileInfo tempFileInfo = new FileInfo(this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Temp, null).WritePath + fileName);
    
                    //正式文件
                    FileInfo formalFileInfo = new FileInfo(this.GetDirectoryInfo(directoryType, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileName);
    
                    //判断临时文件是否存在
                    if (tempFileInfo.Exists)
                    {
                        //判断正式目录是否存在,不存在则创建
                        try
                        {
                            if (!Directory.Exists(formalFileInfo.DirectoryName))
                            {
                                Directory.CreateDirectory(formalFileInfo.DirectoryName);
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            throw new Exception("执行Exists或CreateDirectory失败，" + ex.Message);
                        }
                        
                        //判断是否在正式目录存在同名文件，存在则删除
                        if (formalFileInfo.Exists)
                        {
                            try
                            {
                                formalFileInfo.Delete();
                            }
                            catch (Exception ex)
                            {
                                throw new Exception("执行Delete失败，" + ex.Message);
                            }
                        }
    
                        //把文件从临时目录移动到正式目录
                        try
                        {
                            tempFileInfo.MoveTo(formalFileInfo.FullName);
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            throw new Exception("执行MoveTo失败，" + ex.Message);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        formalFileInfo = new FileInfo(this.GetDirectoryInfo(directoryType, channel).WritePath + fileName);
                    }
    
                    //图片类型 生成缩略图
                    if (directoryType == FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images && abbrType != AbbrType.None)
                    {
                        FileInfo fileThumb = new FileInfo(formalFileInfo.FullName);
                        if (fileThumb.Exists)
                        {
                            Image imageStream = Image.FromFile(fileThumb.FullName);
                            string fileThumbName = fileThumb.Name.Substring(0, fileThumb.Name.LastIndexOf(fileThumb.Extension));
                            switch (abbrType)
                            {
                                case AbbrType.Default:    //缩略图文件处理
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._abbr.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 88, 65, 1);
                                    break;
                                case AbbrType.Product:    //商品缩图文件处理
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._pdz.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 120, 120, 3);
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._pdl.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 180, 135, 1);
                                    break;
                                case AbbrType.UserHead:    //用户头像缩图文件处理
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._uhs.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 30, 30, 3);
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._uhm.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 50, 50, 3);
                                    SaveThumbImage(imageStream, this.GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, channel).WritePath + dateDirectory + fileThumbName + AbbrName._uhb.ToString() + fileThumb.Extension, fileThumb.Extension, 100, 100, 3);
                                    break;
                            }
                            imageStream.Dispose();
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception("文件从临时目录移动到正式目录时出错：" + ex.Message);
                }
                return (dateDirectory + fileName).Replace(@"\", "/");
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取目录的读写路径信息
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="projectType"></param>
            /// <param name="directoryType"></param>
            /// <param name="channel"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public string GetThumbnailImgSrc(FileHandlerDirectoryType directoryType, string channel, AbbrName abbrType, string imgName)
            {
                string result = "";
                XmlNode node = null;
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(imgName)) return "";
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(channel))
                {
                    node = fileHandlerXmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("/FileHandler/DirectoryMappings/Directory[@Name='" + directoryType.ToString() + "']");
                    if (node == null)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("FileHandler无法找到配置节点！");
                    }
                    node = node.SelectSingleNode("Channel[@Name='" + channel + "']");
                }
                else
                {
                    node = fileHandlerXmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("/FileHandler/DirectoryMappings/Directory[@Name='" + directoryType.ToString() + "']");
    
                }
    
                if (node == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception("FileHandler无法找到配置节点！");
                }
                string fileName = imgName.Split('.')[0];
                string extension = imgName.Split('.')[1];
                string fileFormat = "{0}{1}{2}.{3}";
                string[] urls = node.Attributes["Url"].Value.Trim().Split(',');
                Random random = new Random();
                string url = urls[random.Next(urls.Length)];
    
                if (abbrType == AbbrName._none)//原图
                {
                    result = string.Format(fileFormat, url, fileName, "", extension);
                }
                else result = string.Format(fileFormat, url, fileName, abbrType, extension);
                return result;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 把图片流保存成缩略图
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="imgPhoto">图片文件的Image数据流</param>
            /// <param name="fileName">保存目标文件的物理地址</param>
            /// <param name="fileExt">保存目标文件扩展名，含有.</param>
            /// <param name="maxWidth">最大宽</param>
            /// <param name="maxHeight">最大高</param>
            /// <param name="thumbType">缩略方式：1(等比例缩小),2(自动计算从中间截取),3(使用空白填充法保证大小),4(硬性压缩到指定的大小宽高度),5(如果图片超宽或超高，则只缩小超出的部份，其他部份不变)</param>
            public void SaveThumbImage(Image imgPhoto, string fileName, string fileExt, int maxWidth, int maxHeight, int thumbType)
            {
                //判断缩略图是否存在
                FileInfo filInfo = new FileInfo(fileName);
                if (filInfo.Exists)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        filInfo.Delete();
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        return;
                    }
                }
    
                #region 变量实始化
                int nx = 0;
                int ny = 0;
                int nw = maxWidth;
                int nh = maxHeight;
                int ox = 0;
                int oy = 0;
                int ow = imgPhoto.Width;
                int oh = imgPhoto.Height;
                double owh = (double)ow / (double)oh;
                double mwh = (double)maxWidth / (double)maxHeight;
                Image bitmap = null;
                Graphics g = null;
                bool isRate = false;
                #endregion
    
                try
                {
                    #region 尺寸 选择生成模式
                    switch (thumbType)
                    {
                        case 1:
                            if (maxHeight == 1 || owh > mwh)
                            {
                                maxHeight = maxWidth * oh / ow;
                                nh = maxHeight;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                maxWidth = maxHeight * ow / oh;
                                nw = maxWidth;
                            }
                            break;
                        case 2:
                            if (owh > mwh)
                            {
                                int w = oh * maxWidth / maxHeight;
                                ox = (ow - w) / 2;
                                ow = w;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                int h = ow * maxHeight / maxWidth;
                                oy = (oh - h) / 2;
                                oh = h;
                            }
                            break;
                        case 3:
                            if (owh > mwh)
                            {
                                nh = maxWidth * oh / ow;
                                ny = (maxHeight - nh) / 2;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                nw = maxHeight * ow / oh;
                                nx = (maxWidth - nw) / 2;
                            }
                            break;
                        case 5:
                            isRate = false;
                            if (maxHeight >= oh)
                            {
                                maxHeight = oh;
                                nh = maxHeight;
                            }
                            else isRate = true;
                            if (maxWidth >= ow)
                            {
                                maxWidth = ow;
                                nw = maxWidth;
                            }
                            else isRate = true;
                            if (isRate)
                            {
                                if (ow - maxWidth > oh - maxHeight)
                                {
                                    nh = Convert.ToInt32(decimal.Parse(oh.ToString()) * (decimal.Parse(maxWidth.ToString()) / decimal.Parse(ow.ToString())));
                                    if (nh <= 0) nh = 1;
                                    maxHeight = nh;
                                    nw = maxWidth;
                                }
                                else if (ow - maxWidth < oh - maxHeight)
                                {
                                    nw = Convert.ToInt32(decimal.Parse(ow.ToString()) * (decimal.Parse(maxHeight.ToString()) / decimal.Parse(oh.ToString())));
                                    if (nw <= 0) nw = 1;
                                    maxWidth = nw;
                                    nh = maxHeight;
                                }
                            }
    
                            break;
                        case 6:
                            isRate = false;
                            nh = oh;
                            if (maxWidth >= ow)
                            {
                                maxWidth = ow;
                                nw = maxWidth;
                            }
                            else isRate = true;
                            if (isRate)
                            {
                                decimal locRate = (decimal.Parse(maxWidth.ToString()) / decimal.Parse(ow.ToString()));
                                nw = Convert.ToInt32(decimal.Parse(ow.ToString()) * locRate);
                                if (nw <= 0) nw = 1;
                                maxWidth = nw;
                                nh = Convert.ToInt32(decimal.Parse(oh.ToString()) * locRate);
                                if (nh <= 0) nh = 1;
                                if (maxHeight > nh)
                                {
                                    ny = (maxHeight - nh) / 2;
                                }
                                else maxHeight = nh;
                            }
                            else maxHeight = oh;
                            break;
                    }
                    #endregion
    
                    #region 生成缩略图并且保存
                    bitmap = new Bitmap(maxWidth, maxHeight);//新建一个bmp图片
                    g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);//新建一个画板
                    g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;//设置高质量插值法
                    g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.None;//.HighQuality;//设置高质量,低速度呈现平滑程度
                    g.Clear(Color.White);//清空画布并以白背景色填充
                    g.DrawImage(
                        imgPhoto,
                        new Rectangle(nx, ny, nw, nh),
                        new Rectangle(ox, oy, ow, oh),
                        GraphicsUnit.Pixel); //在指定位置并且按指定大小绘制原图片的指定部分
    
                    long[] quality = new long[1];
                    quality[0] = 100;
                    System.Drawing.Imaging.EncoderParameters encoderParams = new System.Drawing.Imaging.EncoderParameters();
                    System.Drawing.Imaging.EncoderParameter encoderParam = new System.Drawing.Imaging.EncoderParameter(System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder.Quality, quality);
                    encoderParams.Param[0] = encoderParam;
                    ImageCodecInfo[] arrayICI = ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders();//获得包含有关内置图像编码解码器的信息的ImageCodecInfo 对象。
                    ImageCodecInfo imageCodecInfo = null;
                    ImageFormat imageFormat = GetImageFormat(fileExt);
                    for (int i = 0; i < arrayICI.Length; i++)
                    {
                        if (arrayICI[i].FormatDescription.Equals(imageFormat.ToString().ToUpper()))
                        {
                            imageCodecInfo = arrayICI[i];
                            break;
                        }
                    }
    
                    if (imageCodecInfo != null)
                    {
                        bitmap.Save(fileName, imageCodecInfo, encoderParams);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        bitmap.Save(fileName, imageFormat);//保存
                    }
                    #endregion
                }
                catch (System.Exception exp)
                {
    
                }
                finally
                {
                    if (g != null) g.Dispose();
                    if (bitmap != null) bitmap.Dispose();//释放               
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取目录的读写路径信息
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="projectType"></param>
            /// <param name="directoryType"></param>
            /// <param name="channel"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public FileHandlerDirectoryInfo GetDirectoryInfo(FileHandlerDirectoryType directoryType, string channel)
            {
    
                FileHandlerDirectoryInfo result = new FileHandlerDirectoryInfo();
    
                XmlNode node = null;
    
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(channel))
                {
                    node = fileHandlerXmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("/FileHandler/DirectoryMappings/Directory[@Name='" + directoryType.ToString() + "']");
    
                    if (node == null)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("FileHandler无法找到配置节点！");
                    }
    
                    node = node.SelectSingleNode("Channel[@Name='" + channel + "']");
                }
                else
                {
                    node = fileHandlerXmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("/FileHandler/DirectoryMappings/Directory[@Name='" + directoryType.ToString() + "']");
                }
    
                if (node == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception("FileHandler无法找到配置节点！");
                }
    
                result.Name = node.Attributes["Name"].Value.Trim();
                result.Path = node.Attributes["Path"].Value.Trim();
                result.WritePath = string.IsNullOrEmpty(node.Attributes["WritePath"].Value.Trim()) ? result.Path : node.Attributes["WritePath"].Value.Trim();
                string[] urls = node.Attributes["Url"].Value.Trim().Split(',');
                Random random = new Random();
                string url = urls[random.Next(urls.Length)];
                result.Url = url;
                return result;
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取图片类型
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="ext"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private ImageFormat GetImageFormat(string ext)
            {
                switch (ext.ToLower())
                {
                    case ".jpg":
                    case ".jpeg":
                        return ImageFormat.Jpeg;
                    case ".gif":
                        return ImageFormat.Gif;
                    case ".bmp":
                        return ImageFormat.Bmp;
                    case ".png":
                        return ImageFormat.Png;
                    default:
                        return ImageFormat.Jpeg;
                }
            }
    
            private string GetDateDirectory()
            {
                return DateTime.Now.ToString(@"yyyyMM") + @"\" + DateTime.Now.ToString("dd") + @"\";
            }
        }
    }

**3、 使用**

/// <summary>
    /// 保存图片（保存头像）
    /// </summary>
    public static void SavePicTest()
    {
        FileHandler fileHandler = new FileHandler();
        string picName = "2013128135359435142.jpg";
        picName = fileHandler.SaveAsFormalFile(picName, FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, "UserHead", AbbrType.UserHead);
        Console.WriteLine("图片保存成功，图片名称：" + picName);
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取图片（获取头像）
    /// </summary>
    public static void GetPicTest() 
    {
        FileHandler fileHandler = new FileHandler();
        string picName = "201302/15/2013128135359435142.jpg";
        string picHead1 = fileHandler.GetThumbnailImgSrc(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, "UserHead", AbbrName._uhs, picName);    //获取小图
        string picHead2 = fileHandler.GetThumbnailImgSrc(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, "UserHead", AbbrName._uhm, picName);    //获取中图
        string picHead3 = fileHandler.GetThumbnailImgSrc(FileHandlerDirectoryType.Images, "UserHead", AbbrName._uhm, picName);    //获取大图
        Console.WriteLine("小图头像：" + picHead1);
        Console.WriteLine("中图头像：" + picHead2);
        Console.WriteLine("大图头像：" + picHead3);
    }