第63节:Java中的Spring MVC简介笔记

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2021-09-17 09:12 221阅读 0赞

![标题图][20181217210829441]

## 前言 ##

感谢! 承蒙关照~

> `Java`中的`Spring MVC`简介笔记

## `MVC`简介 ##

1.  `Spring MVC` 基本概念
2.  `Spring MVC` 项目搭建

## `maven` ##

> 使用`Spring MVC`进行开发

实现数据绑定和文件上传

## `MVC` ##

`mvc`是开发`web`架构的通用方式.

`Front Controller(MVC)`前端控制器,`Front controller`到`Controller`到`View template`,用户页面.

## 前端控制器 ##

前端控制器用于分发调度,而控制器用于业务数据抽取,`view template`用于页面呈现.

## `MVC`的本质 ##

`mvc`的本质是将业务数据的抽取与业务逻辑的呈现想分离.(数据和呈现分离).

## 什么是所谓的`mvc` ##

`mvc` \- `Model-View-Controller`

程序中的`view`是视图层,用于提供`ui`,是用来呈现数据的.模型层是业务数据的信息的表示.

模型层:

// 业务信息的构成
    public class Course {
     private Integer courseId;
     private String title;
     private Integer learningNum;
     private Integer level;
     private String imgPath;
     
     private List<Chapter> chapterList;
     public Integer getCourseId(){
      return courseId;
     }
     public void setCourseId(Integer courseId){
      this.courseId = courseId;
     }
     public String getTitle(){
      return title;
     }
     public void setTitle(String title){
      this.title = title;
     }
     public Integer getLearningNum(){
      return learningNum;
     }
    }

视图和模型- `Controller`控制器,控制层,作用是将数据传递给视图层,用于呈现.

`mvc`是一种架构模式,用于呈现的分层,分工合作,模型层,视图层,控制层.

`spring mvc`概念:

`DispatcherServlet`

![效果][20181217210829461]

`controller` \- `HandlerAdapter`表现形式

## 集合 ##

DispatcherServlet
    Controller
    HandlerAdapter
    HandlerInterceptor
    HandlerMapping
    HandlerExecutionChain
    ModelAndView
    ViewResolver
    View

## `DispatcherServlet`重点 ##

`View` `Controller` `DispatcherServlet` \-> `Request` \-> `HandlerMapping` \-> `Controller` \-> `HandlerInterceptor` \-> `Hander/HandlerAdapter`

`ModelAndView` \-> `DispatcherServlet` \-> `ViewResolver` \-> `View` \-> `Response`

## 结构 ##

`DispatcherServlet`

`Common Services` \->

Locale Resolution
    Theme Resolution
    Multipart(File Upload) Handing

`Controller`

HandlerMapping
    HandlerInterceptor
    Handler
    -Data Binding
    -Validation, Type Conversion, Formatting
    -Invoke Service Layer
    -Update Model and State
    HandlerExceptionResolver

`View`

ViewResolver
    View

`spring mvc`项目搭建-`maven`

// maven
    pom(project object model) - an xml file(pom.xml)
    // contains information
    dependency management
    coordinates

![效果][20181217210829482]

## 坐标`Coordinates` ##

groupId
    artifactId
    version
    packaging

## `maven`安装 ##

下载解压`maven`,配置环境变量,(`M2_HOME,Path`),配置`maven`配置文件.

## `(M2_HOME,Path)` ##

![效果][20181217210829513]

![效果][20181217210829546]

![效果][20181217210829563]

![效果][20181217210829582]

![效果][20181217210829606]

![效果][20181217210829630]

![效果][20181217210829645]

![效果][20181217210829669]

配置文件:

![效果][20181217210829687]

%HOME%\.m2

复制`settings.xml`文件到`.m2`下

![效果][20181217210829814]

打开`.m2`下文件`settings.cml`文件

![效果][20181217210829903]

配置:

![效果][20181217210829925]

<mirror>
         	<id>UK</id>
         	<name>UK Central</name>
         	<url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
         	<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
         </mirror>

## `maven`创建项目 ##

`eclipse` \-> `eclipse kepler sr2 packages`

![效果][20181217210829942]

`eclipse` \-> `window` \-> `preferences` \-> `maven` \-> `Installations` \-> `add` \-> 'maven`-`apache-maven-x.x.x`->`user settings\`中确保路径正确.

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=dashucoding-arthur -DartifactId=spring-mvc-study
    -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

![效果][20181217210829958]

点击回车键-都回车键

![效果][20181217210829983]

## 项目 ##

`Import` \-> `maven` \-> `existion maven projects` \-> `spring-mvc-study` `/pom.xml`

`spring-mvc-study` \-> `properties` \-> `java build path` \-> `spring-mvc-study/src/main/java(missing)`

`main` \-> `folder` \-> `java` \-> `pom.xml`

packaging: jar

点击`pom.xml`

![效果][201812172108300]

![效果][2018121721083020]

![效果][2018121721083054]

![效果][20181217210830156]

![效果][20181217210830181]

![效果][20181217210830219]

@Controller
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public class HelloMvcController{
     @RequestMapping("/mvc");
     // host:8080/hello/mvc
     public String helloMvc(){
      return "home";
     }
    }

![效果][20181217210830314]

mvn jetty:run

## `spring mvc`操作 ##

DispatcherServlet
    WebApplicationContext
    WebApplication

![效果][20181217210830334]

controller
    model
    service

@Controller
    @RequestMapping("/courses")
    public class CourseController {
     private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CourseController.class);
     private CourseService courseService;
    }

![效果][20181217210830360]

![效果][20181217210830384]

![效果][20181217210830414]

## `Controller` ##

@Controller
    @RequestMapping
    URL template(@RequestParam and @PathVarialbe)
    HttpServletRequest and / or HttpSession

## `Binding`绑定 ##

是将请求中的字段按照名字匹配的原则填入模型对象.

`CourseController.java`

@RequestMapping(value="/admin", method=RequestMethod.GET, params="add")
    public String createCourse(){
     return "course_admin/edit";
    }

![效果][20181217210830435]

package com.model;

![效果][20181217210830457]

## `FileUpload`单文件上传 ##

文件上传:

![效果][20181217210830476]

<dependency>
     <groupId> commons-fileupload </groupId>
     <artifactId> commons-fileupload </artifactId>
     <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

## `JSON` ##

json是一种轻量级的格式

ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
    ResponseEntity
    @ResponseBody/@ResquestBody

## 知识点 ##

@RequestMapping
    @PathVariable
    @Controller
    redirect/forward
    MultipartFile
    @ModelAttribute
    @ResquestBody
    @RequestParam
    @ResponseBody
    enctype="multipart/form-data"
    multipartResolver
    ResponseEntity

> 达叔小生：往后余生，唯独有你  
> You and me, we are family !  
> 90后帅气小伙，良好的开发习惯；独立思考的能力；主动并且善于沟通  
> 简书博客： 达叔小生  
> [https://www.jianshu.com/u/c785ece603d1][https_www.jianshu.com_u_c785ece603d1]

## 结语 ##

*  下面我将继续对 其他知识 深入讲解 ，有兴趣可以继续关注
 *  小礼物走一走 or 点赞

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[https_www.jianshu.com_u_c785ece603d1]: https://www.jianshu.com/u/c785ece603d1