①yum安装（快速）②Memcached编译安装安装流程（麻烦）

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2021-09-11 07:40 285阅读 0赞

[Memcache][] 是一个高效的 [NoSQL数据库][Memcache] ，PHP和Memcache的搭配使用，可以很好的应对更高负载的场景,可以大大降低 [MySQL数据库][MySQL] 的压力。Memcache扩展的安装和 [Redis][] 的安装大致一样。PHP的扩展都非常简单。  
  
  
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**①yum快速安装过程（完美版）**

首先是安装memcached[数据库][Link 1]本身。

我们在centos下可以通过yum下载memcached数据库本身：

#yum search memcached
    #yum -y install memcached
      
       
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安装成功后，通过下面命令可以查看帮助信息：

#memcached -h 
      
       
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将memcached加入启动列表：

#chkconfig --level 2345 memcached on
      
       
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配置memcached文件：

#vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached
      
       
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文件内容如下（ps:安全需求是把默认端口修改了，改成非11211端口）：

PORT=”11211”
    USER=”root”
    MAXCONN=”1024”
    CACHESIZE=”64”
    OPTIONS=””
      
       
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分别代表端口号、用户名、同时最大连接数、使用的内存大小和附加的参数。

安全提升操作：

增加限制    OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1"，只能本机访问，不对公网开放，保存退出

执行命令：/etc/init.d/memcached reload重启服务即可

再执行连接命令提示连接失败

参考配置：

1 PORT="11211"

2 USER="memcached"

3 MAXCONN="1024"

4 CACHESIZE="64"

5 OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1"

可以通过以下命令查看memcached状态：

#memcached-tool 127.0.0.1:11211 stats
      
       
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效果如下：

\--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
![20151108124403596][]

说明memcached已经成功安装。   
**接下来是配置php的memcached扩展了。 **  
php的memcached扩展是基于libmemcached，所以要先安装libmemcached.

## 下载软件 ##

首先我们需要下载libmemcached：

#wget https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.18/+download/libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz
      
       
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然后需要下载php-memcached扩展：

#wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcached-2.2.0.tgz 
      
       
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--------------------

## 安装libmemcached ##

找到我们刚才下载的libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz   
解压：

#tar zxcf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz
      
       
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进入目录：

#cd libmemcached-1.0.18
      
       
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然后配置路径并安装:

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-memcached
    #make
    #make install
      
       
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这个过程需要花费几分钟，耐心等待，成功后，可以找到该路径：

![Image 1][]

说明安装成功。

--------------------

## 安装php-memcached扩展 ##

找到刚才下载的memcached-2.2.0.tgz   
将其解压:

#tar zxvf memcached-2.2.0.tgz
      
       
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然后进入该目录：

#cd memcached-2.2.0.tgz
      
       
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找到自己的phpize路径：

# find / -name “phpize”
      
       
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这里我的结果是

![20151108124812445][]

所以接下来配置执行（ps:执行这一步会生成configure文件）：

# /usr/bin/phpize
      
       
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然后配置路径并安装（执行执行./configure 会报错，[常见的三种错误看这里][Link 2] 主要就是路径问题）：

# ./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --disable-memcached
    #make#make install

如果报错：error: no, sasl.h is not available. Run configure with –disable-memcached-sasl to disable this check   
根据指引，再执行：

\#./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --disable-memcached-sasl

\#make

\#make install

安装完成出现

![20160325165758220][]

下面就要进行php.ini的配置了，加入memcached扩展（php.ini位置在php安装目录中）

#vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

按shift+g跳到最后一行   
插入：extension=memcached.so 保存

重启服务让安装生效：（ps:重启根据服务器自行选择）；重启apache：service apache restart 或者重启我的lnmp：lnmp restart

查看我的php扩展：

# php -m

查看是否有memcached扩展

# php -m | grep memcached

![20160325185316730][]

到此結束

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**②方案二编译安装过程**

依赖：必须先安装 libevent

1.先用：ls -al /usr/lib | grep libevent  查看是否已安装，如果已安装且版本低于1.3，则先通过：rpm -e libevent —nodeps 进行卸载。

2.下载libevent安装包：libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz，然后解压。

3.切换到解压后的 libevent 主目录：cd libevent-1.4.13-stable

4.依次执行：

1.  ./configure –prefix=/usr （或 ./configure \--program-prefix=/usr）  
2.  make  
3.  make install

注意：     
*1）执行 make install 时可能需要 root 权限。*

*2）libevent会安装到 /usr/lib 或 /usr/local/lib 下*

5.测试libevent是否安装成功：ls -al /usr/lib | grep libevent（或 ls -al /usr/local/lib | grep libevent）  
出现类似下图结果则表示安装成功：

![Image 1][]

ps：图片是已经执行过第6步效果图

6.如果libevent的安装目录为/usr/local/lib下，则还需要建立 libevent-1.4.so.2 到 /usr/lib 的软连接，这样其他程序运行时才能找到libevent库：ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2  /usr/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2

\---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.首先是下载memcached的安装包

1.  wget [http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz][http_www.memcached.org_files_memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz]

2.修改安装包的执行操作权限

1.  chmod 777 memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz

3.解压安装包到指定目录

1.  tar zxvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz -C /usr/local

4.进入解压后的目录

1.  cd /usr/local/memcached-1.4.15/

5.配置、编译、安装

注：configure时需要指定libevent的安装路径

1.  ./configure -with-libevent=/usr/libevent/ -prefix=/usr/local/memcached  
2.  make  
3.  make install

6.安装成功后启动一下看安装是否成功

1.  /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 10m -p 11211 -u root

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安装错误：！

make\[1\]: Leaving directory memcached 编译错误

警告错误引起来的。源码不严谨问题

memcached 的解压目录，编辑Makefile文件，删除文件中的“-Werror”，保存后即可。

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<table style=""> 
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     <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
      <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; display:block; word-break:break-all"></span> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-size:14px; min-height:380px"> 
      <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
       <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
        <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px">
          &nbsp; 
         <a href="http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/memcache" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(231,126,35); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em; text-decoration:none; white-space:nowrap" rel="nofollow">Memcache</a> 
         <span style="font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color:#666666; margin:0px; padding:0px; font-size:0.92em">是一个高效的</span> 
         <a href="http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/memcache" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(231,126,35); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em; text-decoration:none; white-space:nowrap" rel="nofollow">NoSQL数据库</a> 
         <span style="font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color:#666666; margin:0px; padding:0px; font-size:0.92em">，PHP和Memcache的搭配使用，可以很好的应对更高负载的场景,可以大大降低</span> 
         <a href="http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/mysql" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(231,126,35); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em; text-decoration:none; white-space:nowrap" rel="nofollow">MySQL数据库</a> 
         <span style="font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color:#666666; margin:0px; padding:0px; font-size:0.92em">的压力。Memcache扩展的安装和</span> 
         <a href="http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/redis" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(231,126,35); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em; text-decoration:none; white-space:nowrap" rel="nofollow">Redis</a> 
         <span style="font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; color:#666666; margin:0px; padding:0px; font-size:0.92em">的安装大致一样。PHP的扩展都非常简单。</span> 
         <br> 
        </div> 
        <p style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; color:rgb(102,102,102); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em"> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px"></span><br> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-weight:700">1、PHP Memcache扩展下载地址：<a href="http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(38,112,154); text-decoration:none" rel="nofollow">http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache</a></span></p> 
        <div style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; border:1px solid rgb(159,159,159); width:705px; color:rgb(248,248,248); font-size:13px; white-space:nowrap"> 
         <table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; width:705px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px"> 
          <tbody style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
           <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
            <td style="border-width:0px 1px 0px 0px; margin:0px; padding:5px; width:23px; text-align:right; color:rgb(136,136,136); border-right-color:rgb(159,159,159); border-right-style:solid"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; width:23px"> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">1<br style=""> </span> 
             </div> </td> 
            <td style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:5px"> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web&nbsp;~</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#aeaeae; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># wget&nbsp;<a href="http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.7.tgz" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(38,112,154); text-decoration:none" rel="nofollow">http://pecl.php.net/get/memcached-1.4.36.tgz</a></em></span> 
             </div> </td> 
           </tr> 
          </tbody> 
         </table> 
        </div> 
        <p style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; color:rgb(102,102,102); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em"> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-weight:700">2、解压安装并进入Memcache目录</span></p> 
        <div style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; border:1px solid rgb(159,159,159); width:705px; color:rgb(248,248,248); font-size:13px; white-space:nowrap"> 
         <table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; width:705px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px"> 
          <tbody style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
           <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
            <td style="border-width:0px 1px 0px 0px; margin:0px; padding:5px; width:23px; text-align:right; color:rgb(136,136,136); border-right-color:rgb(159,159,159); border-right-style:solid"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; width:23px">
               1 
              <br style=""> 2 
              <br style=""> 
             </div> </td> 
            <td style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:5px"> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web&nbsp;~</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># tar xzf memcache-2.2.7.tgz</em></span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web&nbsp;~</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># cd memcache-2.2.7</em></span> 
             </div> </td> 
           </tr> 
          </tbody> 
         </table> 
        </div> 
        <p style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; color:rgb(102,102,102); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em"> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-weight:700">3、在Memcache目录下，生成configure配置文件</span></p> 
        <div style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; border:1px solid rgb(159,159,159); width:705px; color:rgb(248,248,248); font-size:13px; white-space:nowrap"> 
         <table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; width:708px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px"> 
          <tbody style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
           <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
            <td style="border-width:0px 1px 0px 0px; margin:0px; padding:5px; width:23px; text-align:right; color:rgb(136,136,136); border-right-color:rgb(159,159,159); border-right-style:solid"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; width:23px">
               1 
              <br style=""> 2 
              <br style=""> 3 
              <br style=""> 4 
              <br style=""> 5 
              <br style=""> 6 
              <br style=""> 7 
              <br style=""> 8 
              <br style=""> 9 
              <br style=""> 10 
              <br style=""> 
             </div> </td> 
            <td style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:5px"> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web memcache-2.2.7</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#aeaeae; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># /usr/local/php/bin/phpize</em></span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">Configuring for:<br style=""> PHP Api Version:&nbsp;</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">20090626</span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">Zend Module Api No:&nbsp;</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">20090626</span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">Zend Extension Api No:&nbsp;</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">220090626</span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web memcache-2.2.7</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># ./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config</em></span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web memcache-2.2.7</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># make</em></span> 
              <br style=""> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">注意：一定要用root用户。<br style=""> </span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">[</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">root</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">@</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">web memcache-2.2.7</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">]</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px"><em># make install</em></span> 
             </div> </td> 
           </tr> 
          </tbody> 
         </table> 
        </div> 
        <p style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; color:rgb(102,102,102); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em"> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-weight:700">4、在PHP配置文件php.ini里面加载Memcache扩展</span></p> 
        <div style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; border:1px solid rgb(159,159,159); width:705px; color:rgb(248,248,248); font-size:13px; white-space:nowrap"> 
         <table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor; width:705px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px"> 
          <tbody style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
           <tr style="margin:0px; padding:0px"> 
            <td style="border-width:0px 1px 0px 0px; margin:0px; padding:5px; width:23px; text-align:right; color:rgb(136,136,136); border-right-color:rgb(159,159,159); border-right-style:solid"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:0px; width:23px">
               1 
              <br style=""> 
             </div> </td> 
            <td style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px currentColor"> 
             <div style="margin:0px; padding:5px"> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">extension=memcache</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">.</span> 
              <span style="color:#595959; margin:0px; padding:0px">so</span> 
             </div> </td> 
           </tr> 
          </tbody> 
         </table> 
        </div> 
        <p style="margin:0px 0px 10px; padding:0px; color:rgb(102,102,102); font-family:Raleway,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:0.92em"> <span style="margin:0px; padding:0px; font-weight:700">5、查看phpinfo，Memcache扩展是否加载</span></p> 
       </div> 
      </div> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

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[Memcache]: http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/memcache
[MySQL]: http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/mysql
[Redis]: http://www.leixuesong.cn/tag/redis
[Link 1]: http://lib.csdn.net/base/mysql
[20151108124403596]: /images/20210716/8f3be890aea94e3cb06a22526aef7850.png
[Image 1]: 
[20151108124812445]: /images/20210716/0cfdbe92fb23488a96f366bcc705c2fc.png
[Link 2]: http://blog.csdn.net/sinat_21125451/article/details/50983343
[20160325165758220]: /images/20210716/fcefea1c6d9f4e81af285d0b235a4843.png
[20160325185316730]: /images/20210716/d90048b5415648c4bf2a40cf93f25191.png
[http_www.memcached.org_files_memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz]: http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.36.tar.gz