Spring Boot 极简集成 Shiro

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2021-09-07 11:00 363阅读 0赞

### **1. 前言** ###

Apache Shiro是一个功能强大且易于使用的Java安全框架，提供了认证，授权，加密，和会话管理。

![38f336b89f43a6e2067048b12c09fe35.png][]

Shiro有三大核心组件：

Subject：即当前用户，在权限管理的应用程序里往往需要知道谁能够操作什么，谁拥有操作该程序的权利，shiro中则需要通过Subject来提供基础的当前用户信息，Subject 不仅仅代表某个用户，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject，如网络爬虫等。所有的Subject都要绑定到SecurityManager上，与Subject的交互实际上是被转换为与SecurityManager的交互。

SecurityManager：即所有Subject的管理者，这是Shiro框架的核心组件，可以把他看做是一个Shiro框架的全局管理组件，用于调度各种Shiro框架的服务。作用类似于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet，用于拦截所有请求并进行处理。

Realm：Realm是用户的信息认证器和用户的权限人证器，我们需要自己来实现Realm来自定义的管理我们自己系统内部的权限规则。SecurityManager要验证用户，需要从Realm中获取用户。可以把Realm看做是数据源。

### **2. 数据库设计** ###

#### **2.1 User(用户)** ####

![69d3e35943a570d17b6fa8c9c4a4bcb3.png][]

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for user
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
    CREATE TABLE `user`  (
      `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `account` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of user
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, 'root', '超级用户', 'root');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户', 'user');
    INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (3, 'vip', 'VIP用户', 'vip');
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

#### **2.2 Role(角色)** ####

![ab9c98725f4bc08318dbeb548096993f.png][]

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for role
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
    CREATE TABLE `role`  (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `role` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of role
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (1, 'admin', '超级管理员');
    INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户');
    INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (3, 'vip_user', 'VIP用户');
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

#### **2.3 Permission(权限)** ####

![5f3fbdf2952f1e2a7ba8b59eed683c36.png][]

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for permission
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`;
    CREATE TABLE `permission`  (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限名称',
      `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限描述',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of permission
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (1, 'add', '增加');
    INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (2, 'update', '更新');
    INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (3, 'select', '查看');
    INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (4, 'delete', '删除');
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

#### **2.4 User\_Role(用户-角色)** ####

![06ebf5b642786e98d33f1c26ec25ff57.png][]

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for user_role
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
    CREATE TABLE `user_role`  (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `user_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of user_role
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1);
    INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (2, 2, 2);
    INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (3, 3, 3);
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

#### **2.5 Role\_Permission(角色-权限)** ####

![fefe004db42d4f5fde345b50649fc2de.png][]

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for role_permission
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`;
    CREATE TABLE `role_permission`  (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      `permission_id` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 9 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;
    
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of role_permission
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (2, 1, 2);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (3, 1, 3);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (4, 1, 4);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (5, 2, 3);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 2);
    INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (8, 2, 1);
    
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

3. 项目结构

![fdbfd33963b24b809fac60b470558908.png][]

### **4. 前期准备** ###

#### **4.1 导入Pom** ####

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
    </dependency>

#### **4.2 application.yml** ####

server:
      port: 8903
    spring:
      application:
        name: lab-user
      datasource:
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/laboratory?charset=utf8
        username: root
        password: root
    mybatis:
      type-aliases-package: cn.ntshare.laboratory.entity
      mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
      configuration:
        map-underscore-to-camel-case: true

#### **4.3 实体类** ####

##### 4.3.1 User.java #####

@Data
    @ToString
    public class User implements Serializable {
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -6056125703075132981L;
    
        private Integer id;
    
        private String account;
    
        private String password;
    
        private String username;
    }

##### 4.3.2 Role.java #####

@Data
    @ToString
    public class Role implements Serializable {
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -1767327914553823741L;
    
        private Integer id;
    
        private String role;
    
        private String desc;
    }

4.4 Dao层

##### 4.4.1 PermissionMapper.java #####

@Mapper
    @Repository
    public interface PermissionMapper {
    
        List<String> findByRoleId(@Param("roleIds") List<Integer> roleIds);
    }

##### 4.4.2 PermissionMapper.xml #####

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.PermissionMapper">
        <sql id="base_column_list">
            id, permission, desc
        </sql>
    
        <select id="findByRoleId" parameterType="List" resultType="String">
            select permission
            from permission, role_permission rp
            where rp.permission_id = permission.id and rp.role_id in
            <foreach collection="roleIds" item="id" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
                #{id}
            </foreach>
        </select>
    </mapper>

##### 4.4.3 RoleMapper.java #####

@Mapper
    @Repository
    public interface RoleMapper {
    
        List<Role> findRoleByUserId(@Param("userId") Integer userId);
    }

##### 4.4.4 RoleMapper.xml #####

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.RoleMapper">
        <sql id="base_column_list">
            id, user_id, role_id
        </sql>
    
        <select id="findRoleByUserId" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Role">
            select role.id, role
            from role, user, user_role ur
            where role.id = ur.role_id and ur.user_id = user.id and user.id = #{userId}
        </select>
    </mapper>

##### 4.4.5 UserMapper.java #####

@Mapper
    @Repository
    public interface UserMapper {
        User findByAccount(@Param("account") String account);
    }

##### 4.4.6 UserMapper.xml #####

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.UserMapper">
    
        <sql id="base_column_list">
            id, account, password, username
        </sql>
    
        <select id="findByAccount" parameterType="Map" resultType="User">
            select
            <include refid="base_column_list"/>
            from user
            where account = #{account}
        </select>
    </mapper>

#### **4.5 Service层** ####

##### 4.5.1 PermissionServiceImpl.java #####

@Service
    public class PermissionServiceImpl implements PermissionService {
    
        @Autowired
        private PermissionMapper permissionMapper;
    
        @Override
        public List<String> findByRoleId(List<Integer> roleIds) {
            return permissionMapper.findByRoleId(roleIds);
        }
    }

##### 4.5.2 RoleServiceImpl.java #####

@Service
    public class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService {
    
        @Autowired
        private RoleMapper roleMapper;
    
        @Override
        public List<Role> findRoleByUserId(Integer id) {
            return roleMapper.findRoleByUserId(id);
        }
    }

##### 4.5.3 UserServiceImpl.java #####

@Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserMapper userMapper;
    
        @Override
        public User findByAccount(String account) {
            return userMapper.findByAccount(account);
        }
    }

#### **4.6. 系统返回状态枚举与包装函数** ####

##### 4.6.1 ServerResponseEnum.java #####

@AllArgsConstructor
    @Getter
    public enum ServerResponseEnum {
        SUCCESS(0, "成功"),
        ERROR(10, "失败"),
    
        ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(11, "账号不存在"),
        DUPLICATE_ACCOUNT(12, "账号重复"),
        ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED(13, "账号被禁用"),
        INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS(14, "账号或密码错误"),
        NOT_LOGIN_IN(15, "账号未登录"),
        UNAUTHORIZED(16, "没有权限")
        ;
        Integer code;
        String message;
    }

##### 4.6.2 ServerResponseVO.java #####

@Getter
    @Setter
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public class ServerResponseVO<T> implements Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -1005863670741860901L;
        // 响应码
        private Integer code;
    
        // 描述信息
        private String message;
    
        // 响应内容
        private T data;
    
        private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) {
            this.code = responseCode.getCode();
            this.message = responseCode.getMessage();
        }
    
        private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode, T data) {
            this.code = responseCode.getCode();
            this.message = responseCode.getMessage();
            this.data = data;
        }
    
        private ServerResponseVO(Integer code, String message) {
            this.code = code;
            this.message = message;
        }
    
        /**
         * 返回成功信息
         * @param data 信息内容
         * @param <T>
         * @return
         */
        public static<T> ServerResponseVO success(T data) {
            return new ServerResponseVO<>(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS, data);
        }
    
        /**
         * 返回成功信息
         * @return
         */
        public static ServerResponseVO success() {
            return new ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS);
        }
    
        /**
         * 返回错误信息
         * @param responseCode 响应码
         * @return
         */
        public static ServerResponseVO error(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) {
            return new ServerResponseVO(responseCode);
        }
    }

#### **4.7 统一异常处理** ####

当用户身份认证失败时，会抛出`UnauthorizedException`，我们可以通过统一异常处理来处理该异常

@RestControllerAdvice
    public class UserExceptionHandler {
    
        @ExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException.class)
        @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)
        public ServerResponseVO UnAuthorizedExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException e) {
            return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.UNAUTHORIZED);
        }
    }

### **5. 集成Shiro** ###

#### **5.1 UserRealm.java** ####

/**
     * 负责认证用户身份和对用户进行授权
     */
    public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    
        @Autowired
        private UserService userService;
    
        @Autowired
        private RoleService roleService;
    
        @Autowired
        private PermissionService permissionService;
    
        // 用户授权
        protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
            User user = (User) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
            SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
            List<Role> roleList = roleService.findRoleByUserId(user.getId());
            Set<String> roleSet = new HashSet<>();
            List<Integer> roleIds = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Role role : roleList) {
                roleSet.add(role.getRole());
                roleIds.add(role.getId());
            }
            // 放入角色信息
            authorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet);
            // 放入权限信息
            List<String> permissionList = permissionService.findByRoleId(roleIds);
            authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(new HashSet<>(permissionList));
    
            return authorizationInfo;
        }
    
        // 用户认证
        protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authToken) throws AuthenticationException {
            UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authToken;
            User user = userService.findByAccount(token.getUsername());
            if (user == null) {
                return null;
            }
            return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPassword(), getName());
        }
    }

#### **5.2 ShiroConfig.java** ####

@Configuration
    public class ShiroConfig {
    
        @Bean
        public UserRealm userRealm() {
            return new UserRealm();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() {
            DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
            securityManager.setRealm(userRealm());
            return securityManager;
        }
    
        /**
         * 路径过滤规则
         * @return
         */
        @Bean
        public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
            ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
            shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
    
            shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
            shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/");
            Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
            // 有先后顺序
            map.put("/login", "anon"); // 允许匿名访问
            map.put("/**", "authc"); // 进行身份认证后才能访问
            shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);
            return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
        }
    
        /**
         * 开启Shiro注解模式，可以在Controller中的方法上添加注解
         * @param securityManager
         * @return
         */
        @Bean
        public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultSecurityManager securityManager) {
            AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
            authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
            return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
        }

#### **5.3 LoginController.java** ####

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("")
    public class LoginController {
    
        @PostMapping("/login")
        public ServerResponseVO login(@RequestParam(value = "account") String account,
                                      @RequestParam(value = "password") String password) {
            Subject userSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(account, password);
            try {
                // 登录验证
                userSubject.login(token);
                return ServerResponseVO.success();
            } catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
                return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST);
            } catch (DisabledAccountException e) {
                return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED);
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
                return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ERROR);
            }
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/login")
        public ServerResponseVO login() {
            return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.NOT_LOGIN_IN);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/auth")
        public String auth() {
            return "已成功登录";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/role")
        @RequiresRoles("vip")
        public String role() {
            return "测试Vip角色";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/permission")
        @RequiresPermissions(value = {"add", "update"}, logical = Logical.AND)
        public String permission() {
            return "测试Add和Update权限";
        }
    }

### **6. 测试** ###

#### **6.1 用root用户登录** ####

##### 6.1.1 登录 #####

![f66aefe14224c5c795ba2ae9f1c1b157.png][]

##### 6.1.2 验证是否登录 #####

![4734969067ea39772d8a766891067d2c.png][] 6.1.3 测试角色权限 ![a6b589f1fd823f7a301062237ef766a5.png][]

##### 6.1.4 测试用户操作权限 #####

![83a564a67e1d6e0209856e3ef7786e24.png][]

**7. 总结**

本文演示了 Spring Boot 极简集成 Shiro 框架，实现了基础的身份认证和授权功能，如有不足，请多指教。

后续可扩展的功能点有：

1. 集成 Redis 实现 Shiro 的分布式会话

2. 集成 JWT 实现单点登录功能

链接：juejin.cn/post/6844903887871148039

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