Spring--AOP事务管理（xml方式与注解方式）和编码式事务管理（举例说明）

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2021-08-20 00:50 360阅读 0赞

**\[例\] 完成一个转账的功能,需要进行事务的管理，使用 Spring 的事务管理的方式完成。**

#### 1. 创建一个账户表 t\_account，并插入测试数据 ####

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_account`;
    CREATE TABLE `t_account` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
      `money` double DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `t_account` VALUES (null, '张三', '1000');
    INSERT INTO `t_account` VALUES (null, '李四', '1000');

#### 2.创建工程并导包 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

#### 3. DAO层： ####

package pers.zhang.dao;
    
    public interface AccountDao { 
    	//加钱
    	void increaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
    	//减钱
    	void decreaseMoney(Integer id,Double money);
    }

package package pers.zhang.dao.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
    
    public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao  { 
    
    	@Override
    	public void increaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) { 
    		
    		getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money+? where id = ? ", money,id);
    		
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void decreaseMoney(Integer id, Double money) { 
    
    		getJdbcTemplate().update("update t_account set money = money-? where id = ? ", money,id);
    	}
    
    }

#### 4. Service层 ####

package pers.zhang.service;
    
    public interface AccountService { 
    	
    	//转账方法
    	void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money);
    	
    }

package pers.zhang.service.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
    
    import pers.zhang.dao.AccountDao;
    
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { 
    
    	private AccountDao ad ;
    
    	@Override
    	public void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money) { 
    		//减钱
    		ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
    		//加钱
    		ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
    	}
    
    	public void setAd(AccountDao ad) { 
    		this.ad = ad;
    	}
    }

#### 5. 配置AOP事务（xml方式） ####

事务有以下几个常用属性：

*  **read-only:** 设置该事务中是否允许修改数据。（对于只执行查询功能的事务，设置为TRUE可以提高事务的执行速度）
 *  **propagation:** 事务的传播机制。一般设置为required。可以保证在事务中的代码只在当前事务中运行，防止创建多个事务。[\->事务传播详解][-]
 *  **isolation:** 事务隔离级别。不是必须的。默认值是default。
 *  **timeout:** 允许事务运行的最长时间，以秒为单位。
 *  **rollback-for:** 触发回滚的异常。
 *  **no-rollback-for:** 不会触发回滚的异常。

导入aop和tx名称空间：

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

配置applicationContext.cml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
    
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    
    	
    	<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
    		<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" ></property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
    		<tx:attributes>
    			
    			<tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    		</tx:attributes>
    	</tx:advice>
    
    
    	
    	<aop:config >
    		
    		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* pers.zhang.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
    		
    		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
    	</aop:config>
    
    	
    	<bean name="accountDao" class="pers.zhang.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean name="accountService" class="pers.zhang.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl" >
    		<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
    	</bean>  
    
    </beans>

连接池配置db.properties：

jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///spring
    jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=123456

#### 5.测试 ####

package pers.zhang.tx;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import pers.zhang.service.AccountService;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class Demo { 
    		@Resource(name="accountService")
    	private AccountService as;
    	
    	@Test
    	public void fun1(){ 
    		//张三向李四转账100元
    		as.transfer(1, 2, 100d);
    		
    	}
    }

运行测试方法：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190828234859521.png]  
现在我们手动创造一个错误，使事务回滚.  
修改AccountServiceImpl

package pers.zhang.service.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
    
    import pers.zhang.dao.AccountDao;
    
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { 
    
    	private AccountDao ad ;
    
    	@Override
    	public void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money) { 
    		//减钱
    		ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
    		//手动制造错误
    		int i = 1 / 0;
    		//加钱
    		ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
    	}
    
    	public void setAd(AccountDao ad) { 
    		this.ad = ad;
    	}
    }

运行测试方法：  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190828235257224.png]  
转账失败，事务回滚。

#### 补充：配置AOP事务（注解方式） ####

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
    
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    	
    	<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
    		<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	
    	<tx:annotation-driven/>
    	
    	
    	
    	
    	<bean name="accountDao" class="pers.zhang.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<bean name="accountService" class="pers.zhang.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl" >
    		<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
    	</bean>  
    
    </beans>

注解配置：

package cn.itcast.service;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
    
    import pers.zhang.dao.AccountDao;
    
    //注解加在类上对所有方法生效
    @Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=true)
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { 
    
    	private AccountDao ad ;
    	
    	@Override
    	//注解加在方法上优先级高于加在类上
    	@Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=false)
    	public void transfer(Integer from,Integer to,Double money) { 
    				//减钱
    				ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
    				//int i = 1/0;
    				//加钱
    				ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
    	}
    
    	public void setAd(AccountDao ad) { 
    		this.ad = ad;
    	}
    }

##### 补充：管理事务（编码方式） #####

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
    
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    	
    	<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	
    	<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<bean name="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate" >
    		<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" ></property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean name="accountDao" class="pers.zhang.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl" >
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    	</bean>
    	
    	<bean name="accountService" class="pers.zhang.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl" >
    		<property name="ad" ref="accountDao" ></property>
    		<property name="tt" ref="transactionTemplate" ></property>
    	</bean>  
    
    </beans>

AccountServiceImpl:

package pers.zhang.service.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallback;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;
    import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
    
    import pers.zhang.dao.AccountDao;
    
    public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { 
    
    	private AccountDao ad ;
    	private TransactionTemplate tt;
    
    	@Override
    	public void transfer(final Integer from,final Integer to,final Double money) { 
    		
    		tt.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() { 
    			@Override
    			protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
    				//减钱
    				ad.decreaseMoney(from, money);
    				//int i = 1/0;
    				//加钱
    				ad.increaseMoney(to, money);
    			}
    		});
    		
    	}
    
    	public void setAd(AccountDao ad) { 
    		this.ad = ad;
    	}
    
    	public void setTt(TransactionTemplate tt) { 
    		this.tt = tt;
    	}
    	
    }

##### 补充：常用事务通知的配置模板 #####

<tx:advice id="xxxxxx" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
    		<tx:attributes>
    			
    			<tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
    			<tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
    			<tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
    		</tx:attributes>
    	</tx:advice>

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20210813/647fc347a1504bf6852bd916205cc1ad.png
[-]: https://blog.csdn.net/cold___play/article/details/100126031
[20190828234859521.png]: /images/20210813/903479252ebd491fa1dc65814f420f75.png
[20190828235257224.png]: /images/20210813/30f71734dc8340b090a8f36fd50a4692.png