SpringMVC--单文件上传（附带实例）

ゝ一纸荒年。 2021-08-13 12:09 459阅读 0赞

#### Spring MVC单文件上传 ####

**1）创建应用并导入 JAR 包**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]**2）创建 web.xml 文件**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
      <display-name>SpringMVCFileDemo</display-name>
      
      
        <filter>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>
                 org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
            </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
        
    	
        <servlet>
    	  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    	  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    	  	
    	  	<init-param>
    	  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    	  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
    	  	</init-param>
      	</servlet>
      	<servlet-mapping>
      		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      	</servlet-mapping>
      	
      	
    </web-app>

**3）创建文件选择页面**  
在 WebContent 目录下创建 JSP 页面 oneFile.jsp，在该页面中使用表单上传单个文件，具体代码如下:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/onefile" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            选择文件：<input type="file" name="myfile"><br>
            文件描述：<input type="text" name="description"><br>
            <input type="submit" value="提交">
        </form>
    </body>
    </html>

**4）创建 POJO 类**  
声明一个 MultipartFile 类型的属性封装被上传的文件信息，属性名与文件选择页面 oneFile.jsp 中的 file 类型的表单参数名 myfile 相同。具体代码如下：

package pers.zhang.pojo;
    
    import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    public class FileDomain { 
        private String description;
        private MultipartFile myfile;
    
        public String getDescription() { 
            return description;
        }
    
        public void setDescription(String description) { 
            this.description = description;
        }
    
        public MultipartFile getMyfile() { 
            return myfile;
        }
    
        public void setMyfile(MultipartFile myfile) { 
            this.myfile = myfile;
        }
    }

**5）创建控制器类**

package pers.zhang.controller;
    import java.io.File;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    import pers.zhang.pojo.FileDomain;
    
    
    @Controller
    public class FileUploadController { 
        // 得到一个用来记录日志的对象，这样在打印信息时能够标记打印的是哪个类的信息
        private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(FileUploadController.class);
        /** * 单文件上传 */
        @RequestMapping("/onefile")
        public String oneFileUpload(@ModelAttribute FileDomain fileDomain,
                HttpServletRequest request) { 
            /* * 文件上传到服务器的位置“/uploadfiles”,该位置是指 * workspace\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse * .wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps, 发布后使用 */
            String realpath = request.getServletContext()
                    .getRealPath("uploadfiles");
            String fileName = fileDomain.getMyfile().getOriginalFilename();
            File targetFile = new File(realpath, fileName);
            if (!targetFile.exists()) { 
                targetFile.mkdirs();
            }
            // 上传
            try { 
                fileDomain.getMyfile().transferTo(targetFile);
                logger.info("成功");
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return "showOne";
        }
    }

**6）创建 Spring MVC 的配置文件**  
在上传文件时需要在配置文件中使用 Spring 的 CommonsMultipartResolver 类配置 MultipartResolver 用于文件上传，应用的配置文件 springmvc-servlet.xml 的代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="pers.zhang" />
        
        
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
    
        
        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5000000" />
            <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
        </bean>
    </beans>

**7）创建成功显示页面**  
在 WEB-INF 目录下创建 JSP 文件夹，并在该文件夹中创建单文件上传成功显示页面 showOne.jsp。具体代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        ${fileDomain.description }
        <br>
        
        ${fileDomain.myfile.originalFilename }
    </body>
    </html>

**8）测试文件上传**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20191102162208865.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20191102162223755.png]  
文件上传到项目发布位置下的uploadfiles文件夹下：

![在这里插入图片描述][20191102162326464.png]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20210813/dbfae4061de740159c60de392ee95b3b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NvbGRfX19wbGF5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20210813/a823137133354345b11581d9352bcbff.png
[20191102162208865.png]: /images/20210813/fa16aeb2d045400899f515044d875768.png
[20191102162223755.png]: /images/20210813/c80e96d0522146a2a2f79d4a02d20af7.png
[20191102162326464.png]: /images/20210813/818fe00d95b74c518fd4806a3481b16c.png