从回收站中删除数据后会发生什么？

水深无声 2021-07-26 21:36 528阅读 0赞

![what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin-00][]

Most of the time we rarely spare a thought for deleted files outside of knowing they are now out of our way, but what actually happens to those files when we delete them? Today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answers to a curious reader’s questions about the deletion process.

在大多数情况下，我们很少会想到删除的文件，而只是知道它们现在已经不合时宜了，但是当删除这些文件时，实际上会发生什么？ 今天的“超级用户问答”帖子解答了好奇的读者有关删除过程的问题。

*Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.*

*今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。*

*Photo courtesy of [Gerard’s World (Flickr)][Gerard_s World _Flickr].*

*图片由[Gerard's World(Flickr)提供][Gerard_s World _Flickr] 。*

## 问题 **(**The Question**)** ##

SuperUser reader Shea A. wants to know what happens to deleted files on a computer:

超级用户阅读器Shea A.想知道计算机上已删除文件会发生什么情况：

> Correct me if I am wrong here, but when you delete something from your PC, all your computer does is write over some of the binary with 0’s replacing the 1’s (or something to that effect). So when you send something to the Recycle Bin, it writes over part of the file, then when you delete the file from the Recycle Bin, it writes more?
> 
> 如果我在这里错了，请指正我，但是当您从PC删除某些内容时，您的计算机所做的全部工作就是覆盖一些二进制文件，用0代替1(或类似的东西)。 因此，当您向回收站发送内容时，它会覆盖文件的一部分，然后从回收站中删除文件时，它会写入更多内容吗？

Just how does the whole file deletion and Recycle Bin process work?

整个文件删除和回收站过程如何工作？

## 答案 **(**The Answer**)** ##

SuperUser contributors Boann and Mary Biggs have the answer for us. First up, Boann:

超级用户贡献者Boann和Mary Biggs为我们提供了答案。 首先，Boann：

> Neither operation writes over the file. Moving a file to the Recycle Bin does just that, moves the file. Its contents are left completely intact.
> 
> 两种操作都不会覆盖文件。 将文件移动到回收站就可以做到这一点，即移动文件。 其内容完全保留。
> 
> Deleting a file from the Recycle Bin (or deleting it directly using Shift+Delete) removes the file name entry from the folder. The part of the disk previously occupied by the file is not modified or overwritten and still contains the file data, but that data is no longer linked to a file name. That spot on the disk is recorded as “free”, however, so future writes to the disk can reuse that space, and if you keep using the disk, the space will almost certainly be overwritten *eventually*.
> 
> 从回收站删除文件(或使用Shift + Delete直接删除文件)将从文件夹中删除文件名条目。 先前未被文件占用的磁盘部分不会被修改或覆盖，仍然包含文件数据，但是该数据不再链接到文件名。 磁盘上的该点被记录为“空闲”，因此，将来对磁盘的写操作可以重用该空间，并且如果您继续使用该磁盘，几乎可以肯定会*最终*覆盖该空间。
> 
> In a case where you need to prevent recovery of deleted data, special tools exist to overwrite the data securely. That is not done by default because it is slow and increases wear on the disk.
> 
> 在需要防止恢复已删除数据的情况下，可以使用特殊工具来安全地覆盖数据。 默认情况下不会这样做，因为它速度慢并且会增加磁盘的磨损。

Followed by the answer from Mary Biggs:

随后是Mary Biggs的回答：

> A file is in two parts:
> 
> 文件分为两部分：
> 
>  *  A directory entry which records the file name and also contains a list of the blocks on disk which contain the data contents of the file. The operating system then “knows” that these blocks are in use.
>     
>     目录条目，它记录文件名，还包含磁盘上包含文件数据内容的块的列表。 然后，操作系统“知道”这些块正在使用中。
>  *  The actual blocks which contain the data contents of the file.
>     
>     包含文件数据内容的实际块。
> 
> When a file is deleted:
> 
> 删除文件后：
> 
>  *  The list of blocks in the directory entry are marked as “free” and returned to the operating system. The directory entry is deleted, so the file “disappears” from the file system.
>     
>     目录条目中的块列表被标记为“空闲”，并返回到操作系统。 目录条目被删除，因此文件从文件系统中“消失”。
>  *  The actual blocks are not touched, so the data contents of the file remain untouched until some other new file overwrites them. This is the reason that file recovery software can often rebuild deleted files (but only if it is used soon after deletion).
>     
>     实际的块不会被触及，因此文件的数据内容将保持不变，直到其他新文件覆盖它们为止。 这就是文件恢复软件经常可以重建已删除文件的原因(但前提是仅在删除后不久使用)。

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Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? [Check out the full discussion thread here][].

有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不错。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ [在此处查看完整的讨论线程][Check out the full discussion thread here] 。

> 翻译自: [https://www.howtogeek.com/197436/what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin/][https_www.howtogeek.com_197436_what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin]

[what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin-00]: /images/20210726/de2112de7c16446fb65c480c04e52191.png
[Gerard_s World _Flickr]: https://www.flickr.com/photos/a3aanse/4449529339
[Check out the full discussion thread here]: http://superuser.com/questions/817498/when-data-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin-what-happens-to-it
[https_www.howtogeek.com_197436_what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin]: https://www.howtogeek.com/197436/what-happens-to-data-when-it-gets-deleted-from-your-recycle-bin/