spring初始化、销毁容器时指定执行的方法

小鱼儿 2021-06-24 14:37 447阅读 0赞

关于在spring  容器初始化 bean 和销毁前所做的操作定义方式有三种：

1.  通过@PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy 方法 实现初始化和销毁bean之前进行的操作
2.  通过 在xml中定义init-method 和  destory-method方法
3.  通过bean实现InitializingBean和 DisposableBean接口

1、@PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy 方法：

1）实现类：

public classPersonService \{

private String  message;

public String getMessage() \{

return message;

public void setMessage(String message)\{

this.message = message;

@PostConstruct

public void init()\{

System.out.println("I'm  init method  using  @PostConstrut...."+message);

@PreDestroy

public void dostory()\{

System.out.println("I'm  destory method  using @PreDestroy....."+message);

2）配置：

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd][http_www.springframework.org_schema_beans_spring-beans-3.1.xsd]

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/context][http_www.springframework.org_schema_context]

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd][http_www.springframework.org_schema_context_spring-context-3.1.xsd]">

<context:annotation-config/>

<beanid="personService"class="com.myapp.core.annotation.init.PersonService">

</bean>

</beans>

3）测试：

public static voidmain(String\[\] args) \{

ApplicationContext  context = newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resource/annotation.xml");

PersonService   personService  = (PersonService)context.getBean("personService");

personService.dostory();

输出：

I'm  init method  using  @PostConstrut....123

I'm  destory method  using @PreDestroy.....123

2、在xml中定义init-method 和  destory-method方法：

1）实现类：

public classPersonService  \{

private String  message;

public String getMessage() \{

return message;

public void setMessage(String message)\{

this.message = message;

public void init()\{

System.out.println("init");

public void cleanUp()\{

System.out.println("cleanUp");

2）配置：

<beanid="personService"class="com.myapp.core.beanscope.PersonService"scope="singleton" init-method="init" destroy-method="cleanUp"> </bean>

3）测试：

public static voidmain(String\[\] args) \{

AbstractApplicationContext  context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("SpringBeans.xml");

PersonService  person =(PersonService)context.getBean("personService");

person.setMessage("hello  spring");

PersonService  person\_new =(PersonService)context.getBean("personService");

System.out.println(person.getMessage());

System.out.println(person\_new.getMessage());

context.registerShutdownHook();

输出：

init

hello  spring

cleanUp

**注：**context.registerShutdownHook();是一个钩子方法，当jvm关闭退出的时候会调用这个钩子方法，在设计模式之模板模式中 通过在抽象类中定义这样的钩子方法由实现类进行实现，这里的实现类是AbstractApplicationContext，这是spring 容器优雅关闭的方法。

3、实现InitializingBean和 DisposableBean接口：

1）定义相应类实现InitializingBean ,DisposableBean接口：

public classPersonService  implementsInitializingBean,DisposableBean\{

private String  message;

public String getMessage() \{

return message;

public void setMessage(String message)\{

this.message = message;

@Override

public void destroy() throws Exception\{

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

System.out.println("I'm  init method  using implementsInitializingBean interface...."+message);

@Override

public void afterPropertiesSet() throwsException \{

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

System.out.println("I'm  init method  using implementsDisposableBean interface...."+message);

2）配置：

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd][http_www.springframework.org_schema_beans_spring-beans-3.1.xsd]

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/context][http_www.springframework.org_schema_context]

[http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd][http_www.springframework.org_schema_context_spring-context-3.1.xsd]">

<beanid="personService"class="com.myapp.core.annotation.init.PersonService">

</bean>

</beans>

3）测试：

public static voidmain(String\[\] args) \{

AbstractApplicationContext  context = newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("resource/annotation.xml");

PersonService   personService  = (PersonService)context.getBean("personService");

context.registerShutdownHook();

输出：

I'm  init method  using implementsDisposableBean interface....123

三月 16, 2013 5:06:34下午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose

INFO: Closingorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@205756:startup date \[Sat Mar 16 17:06:30 CST 2013\]; root of context hierarchy

I'm  init method  using implementsInitializingBean interface....123

[http_www.springframework.org_schema_beans_spring-beans-3.1.xsd]: http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
[http_www.springframework.org_schema_context]: http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
[http_www.springframework.org_schema_context_spring-context-3.1.xsd]: http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd