RabbitMQ（十）【高级 - 集群】

左手的ㄟ右手 2024-04-08 13:22 59阅读 0赞

### 十、RabbitMQ - 高级 - 集群 ###

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上一篇文章《[内存磁盘的监控][Link 1]》

> RabbitMQ 集群

**RabbitMQ** 这款消息队列中间件产品本身是基于 **Erlang** 语言天生具备分布式特性（通过同步 Erlang 集群个节点的 magic cookie 来实现）。因此，RabbitMQ 天然支持 Clustering。这便得 RabbitMQ 本身不需要像 ActiveMQ、Kafka那样通过 Zookeeper 分别来实现 HA 方案和保存集群和元数据。集群是保证可靠性得一种方式，同时可以通过水平扩展以达到增加消息吞吐量能力得目的

**在实际使用过程中采取多机多实例部署方式**

**主要参考官方文档**：[https://www.rabbitmq.com/clustering.html][https_www.rabbitmq.com_clustering.html]

#### 10.1 集群搭建（在Linux虚拟机上使用docker部署） ####

配置得前提是rabbitmq服务可以运行起来，比如`ps aux|grep rabbitmq`可以看到相关进程，又比如运行`rabbitmqctl status`可以看到**rabbitmq**得运行状态

# 查看 rabbitmq 进程
    [root@vinjcent /]# ps aux|grep rabbitmq

![在这里插入图片描述][4c48a5bce1af4c58aa2888de3cc8db25.png]

或者

# 查看 RabbitMQ 进程状态
    [root@vinjcent /]# systemctl status rabbitmq-server

【**注**】**确保 RabbitMQ 可以运行，确保完成之后，需要将 RabbitMQ 服务停止，后台看不到RabbitMQ得进程为止**

# 停止 RabbitMQ 服务
    [root@vinjcent /]# systemctl stop rabbitmq-server

**环境准备**

*  docker
 *  java环境

# 获取rabbitmq镜像
    [root@vinjcent rabbitmq]# docker pull rabbitmq:3.10.5-management

> 单机实例搭建

# 创建容器并启动
    [root@bogon ~]# docker run -d -it --rm --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:3.10.5-management

测试本地访问：[http://192.168.159.100:15672/\#/][http_192.168.159.100_15672]

**默认账号密码是guest，guest**

**注意：如果运行容器过程出现错误，重启一下docker就可以解决了systemctl restart docker**

`docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint rabbitmq01 (77f97c9602f7d8490cc4ac82f67e846b0ed09ba7d1849aa83b2adcad465b2d53): (iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -A DOCKER -p tcp -d 0/0 --dport 15673 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.2:15672 ! -i docker0: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.`

> 集群模式搭建

1.  首先创建容器映射目录，用于共享容器文件

# 创建rabbitmq用于存放rabbitmq集群映射信息
    mkdir /mydata/rabbitmq
    # 分别创建各集群映射目录
    cd rabbitmq/
    mkdir rabbitmq01 rabbitmq02 rabbitmq03

1.  安装容器并运行

# rabbitmq01
    docker run -d --hostname rabbitmq01 --name rabbitmq01 -v /mydata/rabbitmq/rabbitmq01:/var/lib/rabbitmq -p 15673:15672 -p 5673:5672 -e RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE='zr' rabbitmq:3.10.5-management
    
    # rabbitmq02
    docker run -d --hostname rabbitmq02 --name rabbitmq02 -v /mydata/rabbitmq/rabbitmq02:/var/lib/rabbitmq -p 15674:15672 -p 5674:5672 -e RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE='zr' --link rabbitmq01:rabbitmq01 rabbitmq:3.10.5-management
    
    # rabbitmq03
    docker run -d --hostname rabbitmq03 --name rabbitmq03 -v /mydata/rabbitmq/rabbitmq03:/var/lib/rabbitmq -p 15675:15672 -p 5675:5672 -e RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE='zr' --link rabbitmq01:rabbitmq01 --link rabbitmq02:rabbitmq02 rabbitmq:3.10.5-management
    
    ### 参数信息
    -d 后台运行
    
    --hostname 设置容器的主机名
    
    --name 设置容器名
    
    -v 设置容器数据卷
    
    -p 本地端口与容器端口映射
    
    --link 配置网络桥接
    
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE 节点认证作用,部署集成时,需要同步该值
    
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE 为rabbitmq多节点之间通信所用到的cookie,rabbitmq集群就是利用这一特性实现的

在本机测试访问，默认账号密码是guest，guest

http://192.168.159.100:15673/\#/

http://192.168.159.100:15674/\#/

http://192.168.159.100:15675/\#/

![在这里插入图片描述][6456f560790248049d9eac2a85899f22.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][1359bba88d104dc2afd1defb8d3b60d1.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][5d5eed749cc444e8ac37acb115806d58.png]

1.  设置 rabbitmq01 为主节点

# 1.进入正在运行的rabbitmq01容器
    [root@vinjcent rabbitmq]# docker exec -it rabbitmq01 /bin/bash
    # 2.停止容器中rabbitmq应用
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl stop_app
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Stopping rabbit application on node rabbit@rabbitmq01 ...
    # 3.清除节点上的历史数据(如果不清除,无法将节点加入到集群)
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl reset
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Resetting node rabbit@rabbitmq01 ...
    # 4.启动应用
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl start_app
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Starting node rabbit@rabbitmq01 ...
    
    ### Ctrl + p + q 退出并运行(尽量避免个人的设置的快捷键与之冲突,从而失效)

![在这里插入图片描述][9ff314caf14040a992a2904d089e2f33.png]

1.  将`rabbitmq02`加入`rabbitmq01`

# 1.进入正在运行的rabbitmq02容器
    [root@vinjcent rabbitmq]# docker exec -it rabbitmq02 /bin/bash
    # 2.停止容器中rabbitmq应用
    root@rabbitmq02:/# rabbitmqctl stop_app
    # 3.清除节点上的历史数据
    root@rabbitmq02:/# rabbitmqctl reset
    # 4.将rabbitmq02节点加入到rabbitmq01(主节点)集群当中
    root@rabbitmq02:/# rabbitmqctl join_cluster --ram rabbit@rabbitmq01
    # 5.启动应用
    root@rabbitmq02:/# rabbitmqctl start_app

![在这里插入图片描述][8713a70a4e0740f4abce46f17c0608c7.png]

1.  将`rabbitmq03`加入`rabbitmq01`

# 1.进入正在运行的rabbitmq03容器
    [root@vinjcent rabbitmq]# docker exec -it rabbitmq03 /bin/bash
    # 2.停止容器中rabbitmq应用
    root@rabbitmq03:/# rabbitmqctl stop_app
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Stopping rabbit application on node rabbit@rabbitmq03 ...
    # 3.清除节点上的历史数据
    root@rabbitmq03:/# rabbitmqctl reset
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Resetting node rabbit@rabbitmq03 ...
    # 4.将rabbitmq03节点加入到rabbitmq01(主节点)集群当中
    root@rabbitmq03:/# rabbitmqctl join_cluster --ram rabbit@rabbitmq01
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Clustering node rabbit@rabbitmq03 with rabbit@rabbitmq01
    
    08:35:58.823 [warning] Feature flags: the previous instance of this node must have failed to write the `feature_flags` file at `/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@rabbitmq03-feature_flags`:
    
    08:35:58.823 [warning] Feature flags:   - list of previously disabled feature flags now marked as such: [:maintenance_mode_status]
    
    08:35:59.030 [warning] Feature flags: the previous instance of this node must have failed to write the `feature_flags` file at `/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@rabbitmq03-feature_flags`:
    
    08:35:59.030 [warning] Feature flags:   - list of previously enabled feature flags now marked as such: [:maintenance_mode_status]
    
    08:35:59.057 [error] Failed to create a tracked connection table for node :rabbit@rabbitmq03: {
        :node_not_running, :rabbit@rabbitmq03}
    
    08:35:59.057 [error] Failed to create a per-vhost tracked connection table for node :rabbit@rabbitmq03: {
        :node_not_running, :rabbit@rabbitmq03}
    
    08:35:59.057 [error] Failed to create a per-user tracked connection table for node :rabbit@rabbitmq03: {
        :node_not_running, :rabbit@rabbitmq03}
    # 5.启动应用
    root@rabbitmq03:/# rabbitmqctl start_app
    RABBITMQ_ERLANG_COOKIE env variable support is deprecated and will be REMOVED in a future version. Use the $HOME/.erlang.cookie file or the --erlang-cookie switch instead.
    Starting node rabbit@rabbitmq03 ...

1.  在主节点查看web管理界面

![在这里插入图片描述][82a555f863b84911be31f6b7a404912a.png]

> 添加用户

### 在rabbitmq01添加用户
    [root@vinjcent rabbitmq]# docker exec -it rabbitmq01 /bin/bash
    # 创建一个账号、密码为"admin"的用户
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
    # 设置用户身份
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
    # 设置所有权限
    root@rabbitmq01:/# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*"

![在这里插入图片描述][1ac8a6b0299c43c79c3038530e8a1b8b.png]

> 测试数据同步

1.  在**主节点**创建一个**fanout**类型交换机

![在这里插入图片描述][8a8c657db95241d5ba91d814efa290af.png]

查看**从节点**的交换机

![在这里插入图片描述][706ad425f7824b3cb97254b319631eed.png]

1.  在**主节点**创建一个队列

![在这里插入图片描述][a8cbdaaa7073416c9ae7d779c7251fba.png]

查看**从节点**的消息队列

![在这里插入图片描述][9174e2fb4f9946d685a83427a1550cbd.png]

1.  在**从节点**中将交换机与队列进行绑定

![在这里插入图片描述][29f1ca1391d944c3a6b1bb0c245910a6.png]

查看**主节点**的消息队列绑定关系

![在这里插入图片描述][9d4784480908482d8a28ab0706f10b23.png]

**小结**

如果采用的是多机部署的方式，需读取其中一个节点的`cookie`，并复制到其它节点（节点之间通过`cookie`确定相互是否可通信）

**cookie** 存放位置：`/var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie`

例如：主机名分别为 **rabbitmq01**、**rabbitmq02**、**rabbitmq03**

1、逐个启动节点

2、配置个节点的hosts文件（vim /etc/hosts）

ip1: rabbitmq01

ip2: rabbitmq02

ip3: rabbitmq03

**其它的步骤跟单机模式类似**

下一篇文章《[高级 - 分布式事务][-]》

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/Wei_Naijia/article/details/126575952
[https_www.rabbitmq.com_clustering.html]: https://www.rabbitmq.com/clustering.html
[4c48a5bce1af4c58aa2888de3cc8db25.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/6c0704e4bd7b46e9845aba23495e181c.png
[http_192.168.159.100_15672]: http://192.168.159.100:15672/#/
[6456f560790248049d9eac2a85899f22.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/961865f729544f6f9a3f6b5d15aabcbc.png
[1359bba88d104dc2afd1defb8d3b60d1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/387dcdda923a48f29b663ce37956bd80.png
[5d5eed749cc444e8ac37acb115806d58.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/a3b34854ab7b4b80a64acad587788005.png
[9ff314caf14040a992a2904d089e2f33.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/362ef8a82fc24ad6a8b2988bff595004.png
[8713a70a4e0740f4abce46f17c0608c7.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/60a3e1833e3a400fab1e50f47ba19862.png
[82a555f863b84911be31f6b7a404912a.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/ff945325b7cb45c5bef3d337ec260e9c.png
[1ac8a6b0299c43c79c3038530e8a1b8b.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/f19831b20d1842548d450c9efa3c96a3.png
[8a8c657db95241d5ba91d814efa290af.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/01a0238f7fe8415b803d68ba5a5395cb.png
[706ad425f7824b3cb97254b319631eed.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/b9f129402b164fc09541a21f480521c3.png
[a8cbdaaa7073416c9ae7d779c7251fba.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/f31ce4e4e6a6479e93898585c36ee939.png
[9174e2fb4f9946d685a83427a1550cbd.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/7bfbb2f09fea491f90b844b4934a4625.png
[29f1ca1391d944c3a6b1bb0c245910a6.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/2f6a2a601e6a48d8af1effe97a2d415a.png
[9d4784480908482d8a28ab0706f10b23.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/08/e1bd0e3e988d447db0bd37be046e75f3.png
[-]: https://blog.csdn.net/Wei_Naijia/article/details/126576441